DNA

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DNA

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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History/Discoveries

• Griffith
• Discovered transformation
• Avery
• Hershey and Chase
• Found that DNA, not proteins, is the genetic
  material
• Franklin
• Revealed DNA is a helix
• Watson and Crick
• Deduced that DNA is a double helix

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Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Long chainlike molecule
• Double helix
• Stores heredity information
• Made of nucleotides
• Central sugar
• Phosphate group (PO4)
• Organic nitrogenous base

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Nucleotide

• 4 different bases
• Two large bases (purines)
• Adenine (A)
• Guanine (G)
• Two small bases (pyrimidines)
• Thymine (T)
• Cytosine (C)
• Equal amounts of purines and pyrimidines
• AT and GC REM AT GC

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DNA Replication

• Copying of DNA before cell division
• Helicase unwinds DNA
• DNA polymerase adds the correct complementary
  nucleotide
• Leading strand created continuously
• Lagging strand created discontinuously
• Ligase attaches segments in lagging strand

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