Elements and Principles

1
Elements and Principles

• Line
• Color
• Texture
• Value
• Shape
• Form
• Space

• Balance
• Movement
• Emphasis
• Pattern (repetition)
• Unity (compare)
• Variety (contrast)
• Proportion
• Rhythm

2
Elements

• Line
• Color
• Texture
• Value
• Shape
• Form
• Space

3
Line

• I. a continuous mark, made on a surface, or in
  space, by a moving point
• A. Actual - Fully drawn lines or
• Implied - Lines that are hinted at
• B. Directional
• Vertical Up and down
• Horizontal Side to side, like the horizon
• Diagonal Any line that is not vertical or
  horizontal.
• C. Descriptive
• Adjectives and Adverbs

4
Color

• II. produced when light, striking an object, is
  reflected back to the eye.
• A. Hue - the name we give to a color (red,
  yellow, etc.).
• B. Intensity - the strength and vividness of the
  color. Describe the color blue as (bright, rich,
  vibrant) or "dull" (grayed).
• C. Value

5
Texture

• A. Actual - the way something actually feels
  when touched
• B. Implied/Visual - the visual "feel" of
  something. The way something appears to feel.

6
Value

• IV. A colors lightness or darkness. The terms
  shade and tint are in reference to value changes
  in colors
• A. Tint - when white is added to a pure hue
• B. Shade - when black is added to a pure hue
• C. Tone when white AND black are added to a
  color

7
Shape

• A. Organic An irregular 2D enclosed area, like
  that which might be found in nature.
• B. Geometric 2D enclosed area created by exact
  mathematical law.

8
Form

• A. Organic An irregular 3D enclosed area,
  like that which might be found in nature.
• B. Geometric 3D enclosed area created by
  exact mathematical law.

9
Space

• A. Actual the real distance between or around
  areas or components within of a piece.
• B. Implied/illusionary - the appearance of
  space or depth within a work of art.
• C. Positive Solid areas or objects
• D. Negative air around solid objects, space
  where other things are not present

10
Principles

• Balance
• Movement
• Emphasis
• Pattern (repetition)
• Unity (compare)
• Variety (contrast)
• Proportion
• Rhythm

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Balance

• the ways in which the elements (lines, shapes,
  etc.) of a piece are arranged
• Symmetrical - elements are given equal "weight"
  from an imaginary line in the middle of a piece.
• Near symmetry- same weightnot the same stuff.
• Asymmetrical - occurs when elements are placed
  unevenly in a piece, but work together to produce
  harmony overall.

12
Movement

• a visual flow through the composition as you move
  from object to object by way of placement and
  position
• Actual an object that has true motion.
• Implied - the suggestion of motion in a design.

13
Emphasis

• The area of a piece that is given dominance by
  the artist. In other words, the artist makes part
  of the work stand out, in order to draw the
  viewer's eye there first

14
Pattern(Repetition)

• the repetition of an element (or elements) in a
  work

15
Unity(Compare)

• How an artwork or elements in an artwork are
  alike and appear to go together.

16
Variety(Contrast)

• How things are different. This creates visual
  interest.
• High contrast VERY different
• Low contrast a little different

17
Proportion

• The size, color.... Ratio, of something compared
  to other similar things in a work of art.
• Ex. The trees were out of proportion because they
  were the same size as the people in the painting.
• Ex. The toothbrush was in proportion because it
  appeared to be as long as two fingers.

18
Rhythm

• Rhythm, in art, is a visual beat.
• - example, Lines can produce rhythm by implying
  movement.