????? ?? ??????? ???????? Visual Basic .Net

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????? ?? ??????? ????????Visual Basic .Net
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????? ?????????? ???????

• ???? ?????????
• ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????????
• ??????? ????????

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???? ?????????

• ?????? (Data)
• ???????? (Information)

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??????
??????
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• ????? ??????
• ???? ? 20 30
• ???? ? 25 20
• ???? ? 40 23

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???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????????

• ????? ???????? (Input Data)
• ????? ???????? (Store Data)
• ????? ?????? ?????? (Arithmetic Operations)
• ?????? ????? ????????? (compare and make
  decisions )
• ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? (Repeat
  Operations)
• ????? ??????? (Output Information)

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?????? ?????????
1
2
???????? Data
????? ???????? ?? ??????? Store data in Memory
3
4
???????? ???????? Arithmetic Operations
?????? ????? ????????? Compare Make Decisions
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????? ???????? Repeat Operations
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???????? (????????) Output (Information)
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??????? ????????Programs and Programming

• ???? ??????? Programming Languages
• ??? ????? machine language
• ???? ??????? (???? ????? ???????) High level
  language

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???? ??????? High level language
??????? Compiler
?????? Interpreter
??? ????? (0 - 1) Machine language 111100101100100
1101101
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????? ??????????? ?????? (Flow Charts)

• ????? (Introduction)
• ????? ?????? (Flow Charts)

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????? ?? ???????Introduction to problem solving

• ????? ?????? ??????? Define the problem
• ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????
  ????? ???? (?????????) Giving names to data
  (Variables)
• ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????
• Discard all unnecessary information
• ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????
• express the relations between variables as
  functions
• ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???
  ????Determine the proper algorithm by arranging
  the equations in correct sequence

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???? Example

• A school has 1000 students of whom 48 percent are
  boys. The school gave a party which 70 percent of
  the students attended. If 60 percent of those
  attending were boys, how many girls attended the
  party?

??? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? 1000? 48 ????
????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????
70 ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ????? ?? 60
?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????
???? ??????
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• ????
• 1- ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???
  ?????? ?? ??????
• 2- ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? x
• ??? ??????? ?? ????? y
• ??? ?????? ?? ????? z
• 3- 48 ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??
  ???? ???? ??????.
• 4- ???????? ??? ?????????
• 70 ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? (x)
• 60 ?? ?????? ????? (y)
• ????? ??? x ?y ???? ??? ?????????
• ????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ????
• a. x 1000 0.70 b. y x 0.60 c. z
  x - z
• 5- ???? ?? ??????? x ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????
  ???????y. ??? ?? ???????z ?? ???? ????? ??? ???
  ????? ??? x,y ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????
  ??????? ?????????.

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• Solution
• 1 - The question is How many girls attended the
  party?
• 2 - Let x the total number of students
  attending the party
• Let y the number of boys attending the party
• Let z the number of girls attending the party
• 3 - The given fact that 48 percent of the
  students are boys has no effect on
• the problem and may be discarded.
• 4 - The relationships stated are
• a. 70 percent of the students attended ( x )
• b. 60 percent of those attending were boys ( y )
• c. This implies that the difference between x and
  y represents the
• number of girls attending (z).
• So, we express these relationships as the
  following equations
• a. x 1000 0.70
• b. y x 0.60
• c. z x y
• 5 - Since the variable x must be known to find
  the variable y and both x
• and y must be known in order to find z, the
  equations must be solved in
• the given order.

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????? ?????? Flow Charts

• ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? Algorithm ??????
  ??????? ????? ??? ?????.
• The flowchart is a mean of visually presenting
  the flow of data through an information
  processing systems
• ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????
  ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????.
• A flowchart is a diagrammatic representation that
  illustrates the sequence of operations to be
  performed to get the solution of a problem.

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?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????Standard Symbols
?????
????/??????
?????/?????
??? ????
??????
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???? ??????? ?????????More used shapes

• ????? ?????? (Terminal)
• ?????/ ????? (Input/ Output)
• ?????? / ????? (Process)
• ????/ ?????? (Decision)
• ?? ????? (Flow line)

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??????? ??? ????? ??????Guidelines for drawing
flow charts

1. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????.
2. ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? (?? ?????? ???
   ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????)
3. ?? ??? ?????? / ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????
   ????.
4. ?? ??? ????/ ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????
   ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??
   ????.
5. ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????
   ???? ???? ????
6. ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????
7. ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????
   ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? o
   .
8. ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???
   ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???
   ???????.
9. ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????
   ????? ???? ???????? ??????.

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?????? ????? ??????Advantages of Flow Charts

1. ??????? Communication
2. ????? ??????? Effective analysis
3. ????? ???? Proper documentation
4. ????? ??? Efficient coding
5. ????? ??????? Proper debugging
6. ????? ????? ???????? Efficient program maintenance

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???? ????? ??????Disadvantages of Flow Charts

1. ????? ???? Complex logic
2. ????? ??????? Alterations and modifications
3. ????? Copying
4. ???? ???????? More Details

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??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????Some examples on
Flow Charts
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?????? ?????

• ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ?????
  ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????????
• Draw flow chart to represent what will you do if
  your lamp doesnt work?

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?????? Annotation
Lamp doesnt work
??? ???? Terminal
?? ????? Flow line
Lamp Plugged in?
NO
Plug in lamp
???? / ?????? Decision
Yes
Lamp burned out?
Yes
Replace lamp
NO
Call electrician
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?????? ??????

• ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??
  ??????? ?????? ???? ??????.
• Draw flow chart to represent the process of
  reading two numbers, dividing them, and
  displaying the result

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Start
?????/ ????? Input / Output
Read number1
Read number2
Yes
Is number2 0?
Print Division is impossible
End
NO
????? Process
Result number1 / number2
Output the result
End
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?????? ??????

• ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? 100 ??? ?????
  (????) ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???
• ??????? 1 2 3 ............. 99 100
• Draw flow chart to find the sum of first 100
  natural numbers. This means that we want to find
  sum where sum is given by
• Sum 1 2 3 99100

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Sum ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? N ?? ???????
???? ???? ????? ???????
Start
Sum 0
N 0
N N 1
Sum Sum N
Yes
NO
Is N 100?
Print Sum
End
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?????? ??????

• ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????
  ?????
• A,B,C
• Draw flow chart to find the largest from three
  numbers A,B and C

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Start
Read A,B,C
Is A gt C ?
NO
Is A gt B ?
Is B gt C ?
Yes
Yes
Yes
NO
NO
Print A
Print C
Print B
End
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