PISCI CULTURE

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PISCI CULTURE
PRIYANKA MADHAVI 8th B
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PISCI CULTURE

• FISH IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SOURCE OF FOOD
  FOR MAN SINCE
• SEVERAL THOUSANDS OF YEARS.
• FISHES ARE THE BEST SOURCE OF PROTIEN AS THEY
  HAVE 15 TO 25
• PROTEIN CONTENT IN THEIR MEAT .
• FISH MEAT IS ALSO A GOOD SOURCES FOR VITAMIN A
  AND D ESSENTIAL
• FATTY ACIDS CALLED UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS.
• FISH MEAT IS EASILY DIGESTIBLE PROMOTS GROWTH AND
  IS HIGH
• BIOLOGICAL VALUE.
• GROWING FISHES IN LARGE NUMBERS IS CALLED
  PISICULUTURE.
• DEPENDING ON THE REGION AND SEASON A WIDE VARIETY
  OF FISH ARE
• AVAILABLEIN OUR COUNTRY.
• FISHES FOUND IN RIVERS, LAKES AND POUNDS ARE
  CALLED
• FRESH WATER FISHES.
• FISHES LIVING IN THE SEA ARE CALLED MARINE
  FISHES .

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PISCI CULTURE
FRESH WATER FISHES
Scientific name Common name
Catla catla Boche
Labeo rohita RohuErragandu
Cyrrhinus mrigala Erramosu
Anabas sarova
Cyprinus carpio Pedda boche
Waluga attu Waluga
Tilapia mossambica
Channa punctata Matta gidasa
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PISCI CULTURE
FRESH WATER FISHES
CHANNA PUNCTATA
CYPRINUS CARPIO
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PISCI CULTURE
TILAPIA MOSSAMBICA
LABEO ROHITA
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PISCI CULTURE
MARINE FISHES
Scientific Name Common Name
Rostrelliger kanagurta kanagurta
Sardinella longiceps Nune kavallu
Horpodon neherius Vanamatta
Hilsa hilsa Polasa
Lactarius lactarius Sudumu
Scoliodon Sora Shark
Trichiuris lepturus Savallu Ribbon Fish
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PISCI CULTURE
MARINE FISHES
HORPODON NEHERIUS
ROSTRELLIGER KANAGURTA
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PISCI CULTURE
HILSA HILSA
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PISCI CULTURE

• IN OLDEN DAYS , TRADITIONAL METHODS HAVE BEEN
  EMPLOYED TO
• CATCH THE FISH
• THESE OLD METHODS ARE UNABLE TO MEET THEDEMANDS
  OF EVERINCREASING POPULATION AND OF THE EXPORT
  MARKETS.
• NOW-A-DAYS , MODERN METHODS ARE USED TO CATCH THE
  FISHES LIKE MECHANIZED BOATS , STRONG NYLON NETS.
• GROWING OF FISHES IN RICE FIELDS IS ALSO MORE
  COMMON
• IN VILLAGES.
• FISH PRODUCTION IS CONSIDERED AS SECOND CROP
• THE PRIMARY CROP IS RICE FIELDS.
• TWO MAIN STAGES IN FISH FARMING ARE
• BREEDING COLLECTION OF EGGS.
• HATCHING OF EGGS REARING OF FISH.

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PISCI CULTURE
BREEDING COLLECTION OF EGGS

• MOST OF THE FISHES DO NOT BREED IN STAGNANT WATER
  LIKE PONDS, LAKES RESERVOIRS
  PREFER TO BREED IN THEIR NATURAL HABITATFLOWING
  WATER AS RIVERS .
• SOME FISHES PRODUCE THOUSANDS OF EGGS WHICH STICK
  TO EACH OTHER FORMING A LARGE MASS THAT
  SETTLES DOWN TO THE BOTTOM OF THE RIVER SUCH EGG
  MASSES CAN BE COLLECTED FROM RIVERS WITH EASE.
• SOME FISHES PRODUCE EGGS WHICH DO NOT STICK TO
  EACH OTHER , EACH EGG SETTLES DOWN INDIVIDUALLY
  ON THE BOTTOM OF RIVER IT IS DIFFICULT TO
  COLLECT EGGS.
• ADULT FISH WHICH ARE READY FOR BREEDING ARE
  CALLED BREDERS.
• WHEN THE MONSOON SETS IN , THE FISH START
  BREEDING THE EGGS ARE LAID IN THE POND,
  THEY(EGGS) ARE COLLECTED FROM THE POND.
• OTHERWISE THE EGGS ARE ALLOWED TO HATCH IN THE
  POND THE SPAWN ARE COLLECTED.

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PISCI CULTURE

• ADULT FISHES ARE MADE TO BRED IN ARTIFICIAL
  CONDITIONS IN
• SPECIALLY DESIGNED CHAMBERS, IS CALLED INDUCE
  BREEDING.
• INDUCED BREEDING IS THE BEST METHOD TO COLLECT
  EGGS FROM
• FISHES ALSO EXTRACT OF PITUITARY GLAND
  INJECTED INTO THE
• FISHES, THEN RELEASED INTO SMALL TANKS WITH
  FLOWING WATER.
• PITUITARY EXTRAT INDUCES THE RELEASE OF EGGS FROM
  FEMALE
• SPERMS FROM MALE FISH .
• AFTER SOMETIME, THE FISHES ARE TAKEN OUT THEIR
  ABDOMEN IS
• DRESSED GENTLY SPERMS(CALLED MILT) EGGS ARE
  COLLECTED.
• THEY ARE TRANSFERRED TO A CLEAN BASIN OF WATER
  MIXED WELL
• TO ALLOW FERTILISATION .
• AFTER FERTILISATION EGGS ARE COLLECTED THEY ARE
  TRANSFERRED
• TO PONDS ALLOWED TO HATCH.

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PISCI CULTURE
HATCHING REARING OF FISH

• EGGS COLLECTED BY THE ABOVE MATHODS MAY BE GROWN
  IN NATURAL
• CONDITIONS IN A POND OR IN INCUBATORS.
• A CONTINOUS SUPPLY OF FLOWING WATER IS MAINTENED.
• THIS MAINTAINS PROPER OXYGEN LEVELS HELPS TO
  REMOVE THE
• WASTE MATERIAL .
• SIZE OF THE POND OR INCUBATOR , AMOUNT CHEMICAL
  COMPOSITION
• OF WATER OTHER CONDITIONS ARE DIFFERENT FOR
  DIFFERENT TYPES
• OF FISHES THEIR EGGS.
• DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF FISH , DIFFERENT TIME
  PERIODS ARE
• REQUIRED FOR THE EGGS TO COMPLETE THE
  DEVELOPMENT
• YOUNGONES TO HATCH OUT, THAT FISH IS VERY SMALL
  MEANS FEW MM
• IN LENGTH.
• THEY TRANSFERRED TO PONDS MAINTAINEDTILL THEY
  GROW TO
• THE REQUIRED SIZE.

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PISCI CULTURE
CONTRUCTION MAINTENANCE OF FISH POND
DEPTH METRES AREA HECTARES SIZE OF THE FISH
NURSERY POND 1.2 TO 1.5 M 0.02 TO 0.8 H 5.6MM -30 MM
REARING POND UP TO 2 M UPTO 0.1 H 30 MM 100 MM
STOCKING POND 2.5 M UPTO 2. 0 H 100 MM TO MAXIMUM SIZE
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PISCI CULTURE
SITE SELECTION
THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT AS THE ENTIRE ECONOMY OF
THE FISH FARM DEPENDS ON THE SITE WHERE THE POND
IS CONSTRUCTED .
SOIL
THE SOIL IN THE POND MUST BE ABLE TO HOLD WATER
. AMONG DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOILS, CLAY SOIL IS
BEST SUITED AS IT ABSORBS HOLDS WATER.AN IDEAL
SITE FOR A FISH FARM WOULD BE A GENTLY SLOPING
LAND WITH HIGH BANKING ON THREE SITES AN
OUTLET ONE SIDE. THIS SAVES A LOT OF
EXPENDITURE BY CLOSING OR OPENING OUTLET , WATER
CAN BE RETAINED TO THE DESIRE LEVEL OR DEPTH
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PISCI CULTURE
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PISCI CULTURE
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PISCI CULTURE
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PISCI CULTURE
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