Karyotyping

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Karyotyping
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What is a karyotype?

• An standard arrangement of an organisms
  chromosomes during metaphase of mitosis.

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What is the purpose of using a karyotype?

• Karyotypes allow us to view the entire organisms
  complement of chromosomes.
• This allows doctors to diagnose different genetic
  disorders during the gestation period of the
  organism

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Karyptype Analysis

• To write an organisms Karyotype Analysis
• Write the TOTAL number of chromosomes
• Write the sex chromosomes that are seen
• Males will have one X and one Y chromosome
• Females will have TWO X chromosomes
• Record any abnormalities
• Deletions, duplications, translocations

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Del Chromosome will appear SHORTER than normal
Deletion
A B C D E F
A B D E F
A B C D E F
Dup Chromosome will appear LONGER than normal
Duplication
A B C D E F
A B B C D E F
Homologouschromosomes
Inversion
Inv Chromosome length is the SAME
A B C D E F
A C B D E F
Rec Trans One chromosome will be LONGER, one
will be SHORTER
Reciprocaltranslocation
A B C D E F
G C D E F
A B H I J K
G H I J K
Nonhomologouschromosomes
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PRACTICE KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS

• THIS KARYOTYPE IS NOT IN YOUR NOTES JUST FOLLOW
  ALONG!

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NONDISJUNCTION

• Failure of chromosomes to separate properly
  during anaphase

NONDISJUNCTION
NONDISJUNCTION
Fertilization with a normal egg
Fertilization with a normal egg
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