The Second World War

1
The Second World War and the Cold War
2
Pre-war attitudes
(see Drift towards World War II handout)
3
Isolationism
Neutrality Act (1935)
4
Gradual shift toward involvement
5
Cash and Carry
Destroyer Deal
Lend-Lease Act (repealed Neutrality Act)
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Relations with Japan
Japanese fears concerning resources, etc.
7
Pearl Harbor
U.S. Enters War
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The Home Front
Some important wartime agencies
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War Production Board
Organized and coordinated industries to make
quick, efficient transition to production of war
materials.
No consumer autos were built during war.
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Office of War Information
Responsible for maintaining morale positive
propaganda
11
Office of Price Administration
Set prices, rationed goods, fought inflation and
black market assured military needs were met
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War Labor Board
Settled disputes between business and labor
Avoided strikes and maintained morale
13
Fair Employment Practices Committee
Prevented employer discrimination against workers
Foundation for the civil rights movement of the
1950s
14
Conduct of war
Two front war for the U.S.
Europe first
(See War Strategy H/O)
15
World War II Allies
Included Great Britain, Free France, the USSR,
and nationalist China.
16
Conferences
Casablanca, Cairo, Teheran Planned war strategy
Yalta (1945) planned post-war strategies
17
Postwar Period
Service mens readjustment act of 1944 (GI Bill)
The United Nations
Post-War
Organization favored big winners
18
The Cold War
19
The Truman Doctrine
Pledged aid to Greece and Turkey
Containment policy
Intended to keep communism within its original
borders
20
Marshall Plan
Offered recovery assistance to all European
countries
Communist countries declined
21
Berlin Blockade
Soviets block land access U.S. responds by air
22
NATO
Designed to block or contain Communists,
especially Soviet, expansion
Ignored George Washingtons advice against
permanent alliances
Cold War
23
Communist victory in China
Nationalists flee to Taiwan
Government there recognized as China by the
United States and the U.N. until Nixon
24
Korean War
Communist North Korea attacks South Korea, the
U.N. responds
Armistice terms restore status quo
25
SEATO
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization is the Pacific
equivalent to NATO
26
France, Dien Bien Phu, and our involvement in
Vietnam
Antiwar demonstrations and Jane Fonda
27
Hungarian Revolt
Soviets crush Hungarian revolution
28
Aswan Dam
Soviets assist Egypt in building the dam
U.S. and Britain offered first but withdrew the
offer
29
Suez Canal seizure
Egypt takes control, France, Britain and Israel
invade, U.S. and Soviets stop them
Superpower diplomacy at work
30
Eisenhower Doctrine
Offers aid to Middle Eastern countries who feel
threatened by communism
31
U-2 incident
U.S. spy plane shot down over Soviet territory
32
Independence of African nations
Civil Wars break out all over
33
Cuban Revolution
Castro takes over, announces communist regime,
relations with the U.S. deteriorate
34
Bay of Pigs
Cuban refugees, backed by the United States fail
to overthrow Castro
35
Berlin Wall
Soviets seal off East Berlin with physical Wall
36
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviets attempt to place missiles in Cuba. The
U.S. blockades
37
The Hotline
Direct link between U.S. and USSR intended to
divert nuclear disaster
First used during six day war
38
Nuclear test ban treaty
Allowed only underground testing
39
Outer Space treaty
Banned the military bases weapons and weapons
tests in outer space
40
Nuclear nonproliferation treaty
Banned the spread of nuclear weapons among
signatory nations
41
1969. Nixons visit to China
Communist China had already become the U.N.
member, now President Nixons visit opened new
friendly relations with this huge nation
42
Detente
1972-President Nixon visited Moscow and signed
several agreements including the anti-ballistic
missile treaty
The Cold War eased
43
The Reagan Revolution
The West wins the Cold War
The Gorbachev influence
The I.N.F. Treaty
44
1980 Election
Issues
Debates
Hostage crisis
45
Reagan and Communism
Evil Empire Nicaragua Latin America Granada
46
1988 Election
Candidates and issues
Bush policies
Desert Storm and Middle East policy
economics
civil rights
47
William Jefferson Clinton
All of this review to present will be done in the
classroom