What%20is%20Culture?

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What is Culture?
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Culture
Culture, a groups shared practices and beliefs,
differs from group to group and changes over time.
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Culture is the set of beliefs, goals, and
practices that a group of people share.
Culture

• Includes many aspects of life, such as language
  and religion, that we may share with people
  around us
• Each is unique

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Culture Traits

• An activity or behavior in which people often
  take part, such as language spoken or sports
  played
• Can be shared by people around the world
• Can change from place to place

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Development of Culture

• Culture traits are often learned or passed down
  from one generation to the next.
• Within families as traditions, foods, or holiday
  customs
• Laws and moral codes within societies

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Development of Culture

• Cultures develop as people learn new culture
  traits.
• Immigrants who move to a new country

Other factors, such as history and environment,
also affect how cultures develop.
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The world includes many different culture groups.

• A culture region is an area in which people have
  many shared culture traits, such as religious
  beliefs, language, or lifestyle.
• Examples
• A single culture region can dominate an entire
  country.
• A single country may include more than one
  culture region within its borders.
• A culture region may stretch across country
  borders.

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Social Groups
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Social Groups

• Each of us belong to many Social Groups
• Old or Young
• Male or female
• Student, worker, or both
• Others?
• Most social groups have rules of behavior for
  their groups
• Socialization process by which we adapt to these
  rules
• We each have a status within our social groups,
  it refers to our importance or rank.
• Family is our most important social group, we
  learn how to behave from our families.
• ethnic groupsgroups of people who share a common
  culture and ancestry.
• Ethnocentrism-the believe by certain people that
  their culture is superior other cultures.

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Government
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The governments of the world include democracy,
monarchy, dictatorship, and communism.

• Duties of Governments
• Make and enforce laws
• Regulate business and trade
• Provide aid to people
• Help shape the culture and economy of a country
  as well as the daily lives of people who live
  there.

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The governments of the world include democracy,
monarchy, dictatorship, and communism.

• Many countries have democratic governments.
• A democracy is a form of government in which the
  people elect leaders and rule by majority.
• Most are called representative democracies
• People choose leaders to represent them and make
  decisions.

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Other Types of Government

• Monarchy
• One of the oldest types of government
• Ruled directly by a king or queen, the head of a
  royal family
• In some, power is in the hands of just one
  person.
• In Constitutional Monarchy, elected
  representatives hold most of the power.

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Other Types of Government

• Dictatorship
• A single, powerful ruler has total control.
• Leader is called a dictator.
• Often rules by force
• People have few rights and no say in their own
  government.

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Other Types of Government

• Communism
• A political system in which the government owns
  all property and dominates all aspects of life in
  a country
• Leaders are chosen by the Communist Party or by
  Communist leaders.
• People have restricted rights and very little
  freedom.

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Economies
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Different economic activities and systems exist
throughout the world.

• The economy is a system that includes all of the
  activities that people and businesses do to earn
  a living.
• Countries use a mix of different economic
  activities and systems.

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Economic Systems

• Market Economy
• System based on private ownership, free trade,
  and competition
• Individuals and businesses are free to buy and
  sell what they wish.
• Prices determined by the supply and demand for
  goods
• Sometimes called capitalism

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Economic Systems

• Command Economy
• System in which the central government makes all
  economic decisions
• Government decides what goods to produce, how
  much to produce, and what prices will be.
• Communist governments own and control most
  businesses in their countries.

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Religion
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World Religions

• 5 Major Religions in the World
• Buddhism
• Hinduism
• Islam
• Christianity
• Judaism
• Together they have more than 4.5 billon followers

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World Religion Breakdown
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Buddhism

• Major Leader Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha
• 385.4 billon followers
• Teaches that the goal of life is to escape the
  cycle of birth and death by achieving a state of
  spiritual understanding called nirvana.

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Christianity

• Major Leader Jesus Christ
• 2.2 billon
• Based on belief in on God and teachings and life
  of Jesus.
• People believe Jesus is the Son of God and was
  sent to Earth to save people from their sin.

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Hinduism

• Major Leader Unknown
• 875 million followers
• Based on belief in supreme spiritual force
  unknown as Brahman.
• Believe that to unite with Brahman, they must
  pass through many lives, and being reborn into
  new forms.

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Islam

• Major Leader Muhammad
• 1.4 billon followers
• Based on belief in one God, Allah, revealed
  through the prophet Muhammad.
• Sacred text is the Quran
• Follow five acts of worship known as the Five
  Pillars of Islam.

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Judaism

• Major Leader Abraham
• 15.2 million followers
• Based on belief in one God and spiritual and
  ethical principles handed down by God.
• Sacred text is the Hebrew Bible

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Language

• One of the strongest unifying forces for culture.
• Languages have many dialects
• Dialect local form of a language that may have a
  distinct vocabulary and pronunciation.
• More than 2000 languages in the world

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Other Cultural Elements

• Arts
• People express themselves through music,
  painting, sculptures, dance, and literature.
• Food, Clothing, Architecture
• All of these reflect your culture and your
  physical surroundings
• History
• History shapes the way cultures are viewed
  throughout the world
• Cultural Holidays mark important events in many
  cultures.
• Sports and Entertainment
• Sports, movies, theatre, TV, the Internet, and
  social medias, all shape many parts of different
  cultures, especially in the United States.
• Symbols of National Pride
• Symbols and flags are another element that can be
  found throughout many would cultures