Chapter 14 Microevolution in Modern Human Populations

1
Chapter 14 Microevolution in Modern Human
Populations

• Human Populations
• Population Genetics
• Evolution in Action Modern Human Populations
• Human Polymorphisms
• Human Bicultural Evolution

2
Population Genetics

• Once a population is identified, can determine if
  evolutionary forces are operating on the
  population.
• Measure allele frequencies for specific traits
  and compare them with the Hardy-Weinberg model.

3
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

• Evolution is not taking place if
• Population is infinitely large.
• No mutation.
• No gene flow.
• Natural selection is not operating.
• Mating is random.

4
Factors that Initiate Changes in Allele
Frequencies

• Produce new variation (mutation).
• Redistribute variation through gene flow.
• Redistribute variation through genetic drift.
• Select "advantageous" allele combinations that
  promote reproductive success (natural selection).
  

5
Human Biocultural Evolution Polymorphisms

• ABO Blood Group system
• Rh system
• MN blood group

6
Human Biocultural Evolution

• Examples of the interaction of human cultural
  environments and biology
• Sickle cell disease
• Lactose intolerance