States of Matter

1
States of Matter

1. Solid has a definite shape and volume.
2. Liquid has definite volume but no definite
   shape. Its particles can flow freely.
3. Gas has no definite shape and volume. It is
   highly compressible.
4. Plasma is an ionized gas of electrons and
   protons that exists only at very high temperature
   such as those in the stars and atomic bomb. It
   was identified by Sir William Crookes in 1879.
5. Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) is a condensate
   which is composed of atoms chilled to less than a
   millionth of a degree above the absolute zero.
   These atoms have lost their individual
   identities. Satyendra Nath Bose in 1920s
   studied it and then Einstein made a theory to
   strengthen Boses idea.

2
Increased temperature increases kinetic energy.

• Watch the popcorn demo!

3
Properties of Matter

• Physical Properties
• Can be observed or measured by the senses

Chemical Properties can only be observed or
measured after the material reacts with another
material Ex. Ability to rust, flammability

Extensive-depends on the amount of the
material Ex. mass, length, volume, size,
Intensive depends on the kind of the
material Ex. density, temperature, melting
point, color, taste
4
Changes of Matter

• Physical changes the physical properties of
  matter no new substance the material remains
  the same
• Examples all phase changes, tearing, breaking

• Chemical changes the composition/chemical
  properties of matter new substance is formed
• Examples burning, rusting, digesting, growing

5
Energy Changes

• Endothermic absorbing heat
• Examples
• Bond forming such as condensation
• (temperature )

• Exothermic giving off heat
• Examples
• Bond breaking such as evaporation
• (temperature )