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Thought Technology Ltd.
Online Course
Z-Sore Mini-Suite Lessons 1-4 Course notes
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Thought Technology Ltd.
Lesson 1-4
Topics Covered in Lessons 1-4

1. Overview real-time z-score neurofeedback and
   installation of Z-Score Add-on
2. Using Z-Score Assessment functions
3. Training with real-time z-scores
4. Training, continued, using Favorites and other
   methods for efficient training

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Thought Technology Ltd.
Questions
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Z-score Definition

• A Z-score measures the deviation of a measured
  value from the mean of a set of previously
  measured values (or norms)
• It is reported in multiples of standard deviation
  of that set

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Z-scores approximate a Gaussian distribution
From SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF AN
EEG NORMATIVE DATABASE Validation and Clinical
Correlation (see also J. Neurotherapy 7(3/4)
87-121, 2003) R.W. Thatcher, Ph.D., R.A. Walker,
B.A. C.J. Biver, Ph.D., D. M. North, M.A. and
R. Curtin, B.A.
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Z-score Biofeedback

• Z-score biofeedback online comparisons to
  Thatchers normative database
• Simplify feedback by training on z-scores instead
  of metrics, or
• train on metrics and analyze deviations from
  norms post-season (in replay or review mode)
• Analysis trend Z-scores over session, report
  percent of time in condition for each metric or
  percent of metrics in condition at any given
  time.

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Traditional or z-score neurofeedback?

• Traditional
• Training the brain against itself
• Using specific protocols or tasks to boost
  performance
• Some conditions have shown documented success
  using specific protocols

• Z-score
• Seeks to increase efficiency in the brain
  compared to an established mean
• Provides a foundation for connectivity training
• More objectively allows for developmental factors

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Lifespan EEG Normative Database

• N 625
• Ages 2 months to 82 years
• Eyes open, eyes closed
• An uneventful prenatal, perinatal and postnatal
  period.
•  No disorders of consciousness.
• No head injury with cerebral symptoms.
•  No history of central nervous diseases.
•  No convulsions of emotional, febrile, or other
  nature.
•  No abnormal deviation with regard to mental and
  physical development.

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Z-score and Neuroguide

• The Z-score algorythm functions by taking a
  clients data measure and comparing it to a
  database, called Neuroguide.
• The database compares the clients value to a
  mean value from a similar population based on
• The data measure
• Sex of the client
• Age of the client
• The algorythm expresses the clients data measure
  as a difference from Neuroguides mean value for
  that similar population, in units of standard
  deviation.

• Electrode sites
• Eyes open or eyes closed

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Z-score bands and metrics

• Metrics
• Absolute amplitude
• Relative Power
• Ratios (10)
• Coherence
• Asymmetry
• Phase

Bands Delta 1-3.5 Hz Theta 4-7.5
Hz Alpha 8-12 Hz Beta 12.5-25 Hz Hi
Beta 25.5-30 Hz Beta 1 12-15 Hz Beta 2 15-17
Hz Beta 3 18-25 Hz
Output values for 2 channels 72 Output values
for 4 channels 248
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Z-score bands and metrics
Output values for 2 channels 72

• Power
• 16 values absolute power
• 16 values for relative power
• 20 values for ratio training
• Connectivity
• 8 values for asymmetry
• 8 values for coherence
• 8 values for phase

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Z-score bands and metrics
Output values for 4 channels 248

• Power
• 32 values absolute power
• 32 values for relative power
• 40 values for ratio training
• Connectivity
• 48 values for asymmetry
• 48 values for coherence
• 48 values for phase

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Concepts of z-score neurofeedback
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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• Auto-run window for the Z-score installation cd.

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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• If Z-score screen is used, without installation
  of Z-score add-on, the Z-score related
  instruments will not function.

BIOFEEDBACK FOUNDATION OF EUROPE The Foundation
for Learning
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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• If Z-score screen is used, without installation
  of Z-score add-on, the Z-score related
  instruments will not function.

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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• Click View installation instructions link to
  open pdf instructions for the installation
  procedure.

BIOFEEDBACK FOUNDATION OF EUROPE The Foundation
for Learning
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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• Installing Basic Steps (nothing difficult)

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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• Installing Security Keys

Send a copy of Security Key A to
QEEG_at_appliedneuroscience.com
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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• Installing Security Keys

Once the email has been sent, press the Cancel
button in the installation. Installation cannot
continue without Security Code B
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Installation of Z-Score Add-On

• Installing Security Keys

Once you have received Security Key B, run the
installation cd again. Go through the same steps.
When the software asks for security key B, enter
the code correctly and the installation will be
complete
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Selecting the training location
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Getting Started with the Software

• Double click on the white Biograph Infiniti
  icon to start the Biograph Infiniti.

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Getting Started with the Software
BIOFEEDBACK FOUNDATION OF EUROPE The Foundation
for Learning
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Getting Started with the Software

• Check the basic settings

• Options menu
• Change Temperature
• Options menu
• Notch Filters
• EEG EKG EMG
• 50Hz or 60Hz

BIOFEEDBACK FOUNDATION OF EUROPE The Foundation
for Learning
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Getting Started with the Software

• Check the basic settings

• Options menu
• Show/Hide File names

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Replaying a Session

• Start Open Display Session is for recording new
  sessions with clients.
• Database is for reviewing and replaying
  previously recorded session.
• We will replay a session, so select Database

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• Select a client and then select a session
• Click the Replay Session button to replay the
  chosen session

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Replaying a Session

• Select screens to replay session by clicking the
  Select Screens button.

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Replaying a Session

• Choose up-to 5 screens for the replay.
• Hold Ctrl key and left-click with the mouse to
  select multiple screens.
• Click Ok
  when done.

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Replaying a Session

• Click Ok now that the screens are chosen for
  the session replay.

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• The main replay window

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Replaying a Session

• Basic session controls

• Choose which screen to view

• Begin recording session

• Select length of time display

• Stop recording session

• Pause session replay

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Replaying a Session

• A different screen displays a completely new
  screen.

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Replaying a Session

• To check what virtual channel (computation) an
  instrument represents
• Right-mouse click on the instrument
• Select the Show connected channel(s) option

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Replaying a Session

• A small window will appear, displaying the
  channel(s) connected to the instrument.

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Replaying a Session

• Changing thresholds
• Left-click on the threshold-line of the
  instrument
• Hold down the left-mouse-click while moving the
  threshold line to a new value.

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Replaying a Session

• Changing thresholds
• Left-click on the threshold-line of the
  instrument
• Hold down the left-mouse-click while moving the
  threshold line to a new value.

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Assessment
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Designing effective treatment
QEEG Irregularity
Symptoms
AND No Contraindications (e.g. unaddressed
medication or physical issues, client consent,
ability to complete treatment, etc.)
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Completing an assessment
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Reporting
Select a recorded file and press Review/Report to
load report screens
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Reporting
The Mini Suite comes with a variety of report
screens to aid analysis
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Reporting
Power Z-scores with absolute amplitudes
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Training Goals

• Establish training goals with the client
• Which part of the brain will be trained?
• qEEG directed or symptom directed or both
• At which frequency?
• The duration
• Inhibit or Reward
• Coach and Motivate
• Create an environment that encourages improvement
• Metacognitive Strategies
• Metacognitive Strategies (used since 1975)
  awareness of how you learn thinking about
  thinking become aware of how you learn what you
  know about what you know strategies about
  learning (MT).

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Potential training strategies

• Full z-score feedback (all metrics)
• Grouped Z-score training (selected groups
  --connectivity or power)
• Individual metric training (up or down)
• Performance-based training with z-score
  components

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Training tasks

• Animation with full metric training
• Animation with groups of metrics
• Individualized animations
• Site-based training
• Other tasks, DVD, games (problems/benefits)

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Threshholding

• Common strategies to maximize success (sometimes,
  never, always)
• How much success does one need?
• Adjusting standard deviations
• Adjusting percentage of time one is successful

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Additional References
Collura, T. F.  (2008). Whole-head normalization
using live Z-scores for connectivity training,
Part 1.  NeuroConnections Newsletter, April 2008,
12, 15, 18-19. San Rafael, California
ISNR Smith, M. (2008).  A father finds a
solution Z-score training.  NeuroConnections
Newsletter, April 2008, 22, 24-25. San Rafael,
California ISNR Thatcher, R. W. (2008). 
Z-score EEG biofeedback Conceptual foundations. 
NeuroConnections Newsletter, April 2008, 9, 11,
20. San Rafael, California ISNR
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Training Options
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Training Options
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Training Options
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Training Options