Class Opener: Tuesday

1
Class Opener Tuesday

• Use a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the
  Bohr model and the quantum mechanical model for
  electron arrangement.
• 
  Bohr model Quantum mechanical
  model
• How many orbitals are contained in the third
  energy level?
• How many sublevels compose the second
  energy level?

2

• Letters are used to describe the shape of
  different orbitals.
• First energy level only one type of orbital
• s orbital
• Spherical shaped orbital
• The first energy level composed of one
  sublevel called the 1s sublevel.

3

• Second energy level 2 types of orbitals
• s orbital
• In what way is the s-orbital in the second energy
  similar to the s-orbital in the first energy
  level?
• In what way is the s-orbital in the second energy
  different from the s-orbital in the first energy
  level?
• The second type of orbital is called a p-orbital.
• p-orbitals look like dumbbells (two lobes)

4

• The second energy level composed of two
  sublevels 2s and the 2p.
• Third energy level three shapes three
  sublevels
• s-orbital sphere
• p-orbital dumbell
• d-orbital four leaf clover (four lobes)
• The third energy level composed of three
  sublevels 3s, 3p, and the 3d.

5

• Fourth energy level four shapes four
  sublevels
• s-orbital
• p-orbital
• d-orbital
• f-orbital complex shape
• The fourth energy level composed of four
  sublevels 4s, 4p, 4d, and the 4f.

6

• It is possible to have more than one orbital
  within a sublevel.
• These orbitals have the same shape and energy,
  but are oriented differently.
• s sublevel only contains a single s orbital
• p sublevel composed of 3 different p-orbitals.
• Each p-orbital has the same shape but different
  orientation in space.
• px orbital, py orbital, and pz orbital

7

• d sublevel - composed of 5 different d- orbitals.
• f sublevel - composed of 7 different f-orbitals.
• When electrons are placed in a particular energy
  level, they prefer the orbitals in the order s,
  p, d, and then f.
• Therefore, an s-orbital requires the least
  energy to occupy within an energy level.

8

• Electrons rotate and this creates a magnetic
  field
• Electrons rotate either clockwise or counter
  clockwise
• An orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons.
• If two electrons are in the same orbital then
  they spin in opposite directions.
• Every electron within an atom is unique.

9
Energy Level Types of Orbitals Number of Sublevels Total of Orbitals Total of Electrons
1 s 1 1 2
2 s,p 2 4 8
3 s,p.d 3 9 18
4 s,p,d,f 4 16 32
10
Outcome Sentences

• After reflecting on todays lesson, complete
  three of the sentence starters in your chemistry
  journal entry for today.

• Sentence Starters
• Ive learned
• I was surprised
• Im beginning to wonder
• I would conclude
• I now realize that