Leadership

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Leadership Management

• Discussion for Lesson 19
• Groups and Teams

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Lesson 19Reading Objectives

1. The student will comprehend the five stages of
   group development.
2. The student will comprehend how roles and norms
   influence an employees behavior.

3
Lesson 19Reading Objectives

1. The student will comprehend the key components of
   conflict and group performance.
2. The student will comprehend the key components in
   the group behavior model.
3. The student will comprehend the advantages and
   disadvantages of group decision-making.

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Lesson 19Reading Objectives

• The student will comprehend four techniques for
  improving group decision-making.
• The student will comprehend the characteristics
  of effective teams.
• The student will comprehend how managers can
  build trust.
•  

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Lesson 19Discussion Objectives

1. The student will comprehend the five stages of
   group development.
2. The student will comprehend the key components of
   conflict and group performance.

6
Lesson 19Discussion Objectives

1. The student will comprehend the advantages and
   disadvantages of group decision-making.
2. The student will comprehend the characteristics
   of effective teams.
3. The student will comprehend how managers can
   build trust.

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5 Stages of Group Development

• Forming People join the group and then define
  the groups purpose.
• Storming Intra-group conflict.
• Norming Close relationships and cohesiveness.
• Performing Group is fully functional.
• Adjourning Wrapping up activities.

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Roles and Norms

• Role a set of behavior patterns expected of
  someone in a given position in a social unit.
• Norm acceptable standards shared by a groups
  members.

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Group Behavior Model

• External Conditions imposed by a larger
  organization of which a subgroup is a subsystem.
• Group Member Resources individual member
  abilities and personalities.

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Group Behavior Model (Cont.)

• Group Structure roles, norms, status, group
  size formal leadership.
• Group Processes communication patterns, group
  decision processes conflict.
• Group Tasks complexity and interdependence.

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Conflict

• Perceived incompatible differences.
• Whether they are real or not is irrelevant.
• Three Views of Conflict
• Traditional Avoid.
• Human Relations Natural, can be positive.
• Interactionist Required, necessary for the group
  to perform effectively.

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Managing Conflict

• Avoidance withdraw from or suppress.
• Accommodation place others needs above your
  own.
• Forcing Satisfying ones needs at the expense of
  another.
• Compromise each party gives up something.
• Collaboration seek a solution that is
  advantageous for all (Win/Win).

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Group Decisions Advantages

• Provide more complete information.
• Generate more alternatives.
• Increase acceptance of a solution.
• Increase legitimacy (IAW democratic ideals).

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Group Decisions Disadvantages

• Time-Consuming.
• Minority Domination.
• Pressures to conform (Groupthink).
• Ambiguous Responsibility.

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Improving Group Decisions

• Brainstorming
• Nominal Group Technique (NGT)
• Delphi Technique
• Electronic Meetings

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Characteristics of Effective Teams

• Clear goals.
• Relevant skills.
• Mutual trust.
• Unified commitment.
• Good communication.
• Negotiating skills.
• Appropriate leadership.
• Internal and external support.

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To Build Trust

• Communicate openly.
• Support team members ideas.
• Be respectful.
• Be fair.
• Be consistent.
• Demonstrate competence.

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Six Phases of a Naval Project!

• Wild Enthusiasm
• Disillusionment
• Panic
• Search for the Guilty
• Punishment of the Innocent
• Awards Promotions for Non-Participants

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Next Class

• Read Leadership and Management, Chapter 20

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Summary

• Groups change over time.
• Conflict may be necessary at times but can be
  disruptive.
• Group decisions have advantages and
  disadvantages.
• Trust is important in any effective team.

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Questions?

• ???