Title: Tennessee Geography Intersecting with Tennessee History A Unit Presented by John M. Isabell
1Tennessee GeographyIntersecting with Tennessee
HistoryA Unit Presented byJohn M. Isabell
2Geologic Map of Tennessee
3Six Geologic Regions of Tennessee
- Blue Ridge Mountains
- Great Valley of Tennessee
- Cumberland Plateau
- Highland Rim
- Nashville Basin (aka Central Basin)
- Gulf Coastal Plain
4Relief Map of Tennessee
5Major Rivers Lakes of Tennessee
- The Mississippi River
- The Tennessee River
- The Cumberland River
6Annual Precipitation in Tennessee
7Climate Facts About Tennessee
- Average Summer Temperature is 85-95 degrees
Fahrenheit - Average Winter Temperature rarely falls below 10
degrees Fahrenheit
- Tennessee Averages 50 inches of Precipitation a
year
8Prehistoric Native American Groups in Tennessee
- Paleo-Indians (15,000 years ago)
Hunters/Gatherers - Archaic Indians (8,000 years ago) First to
begin farming
- Woodland Indians (1000 800 B.C.) First
permanent settlements and were mound builders - Mississippian Indians (1000 A.D.) Mound
builders with large, complext societies
9Mound near Nashville, TN
10Old Stone Fort of Mississippian Era
11Artists rendition of a Mississippian Village
12Marble Statues of Mississippian Culture
13Painting of Mississippian Era Indian circa 1565
14Major Historic Native American Groups in Tennessee
- Creek (includes remnants of Yuchi)
- Shawnee
15Detail Map of Location of Major Eastern Native
American Tribes
16Spanish Explorers in Tennessee
- Hernando de Soto (1540)
- Juan Pardo (1566
17French Explorers in Tennessee
- Father Jacques Marquette Louis Joliet (1673)
- Robert Cavalier de La Salle (1680-1682)
- Jean Couture (1696)
- French Traders establish trading post at Great
Salt Lick/French Lick (Nashville)
18English Explorers
- James Needham Gabriel Arthur (1673)
- Needham is killed by guide known as Indian John.
19Long Hunters Explore Tennessee
- Dr. Thomas Walker explores into Kentucky and
Tennessee Names the Cumberland Gap after Lord
Cumberland
- Daniel Boone also explores into Kentucky and
Tennessee and leads many settlers through the
Cumberland Gap
20Stahlnaker Indian Trader who may have given
Thomas Walker Directions for the Cumberland Gap
21Daniel Boone leading settlers through the
Cumberland Gap
22Settlers Spread into Tennessee
- First settler is William Bean in 1768. Others
soon follow and establish the settlement of
Watauga. - James Robertson leads first large group to what
will become Watauga in 1770-1771.
23The Watauga Association Commissioners
24James Robertson
25Two Journeys To Cumberland Settlements
- James Robertson leads party of men and livestock
overland through the Cumberland Gap. - They have some encounters with Native Americans,
but have relatively easy trip.
- John Donelson leads women and children by
riverboat on the Tennessee, Ohio and Cumberland
Rivers - They encounter horrid weather, hostile Native
Americans and endure great hardships.
26The Cumberland Settlements