Quick Quiz

1
Quick Quiz

• Religious Ethics

2
Divine Command Theory

• Who was Socrates arguing with who first proposed
  the Divine Command Theory?
• Theatetus
• Alcebiades
• Isosocrates
• Plato
• Euthyphro

3
Divine Command Theory

• The central problem of the Divine Command Theory
  is, it makes what is right and wrong, good and
  bad __________
• too restrictive.
• mysterious.
• arbitrary.
• unpleasant.
• religious.

4
Aquinas

• Aquinas identifies the end-directedness of nature
  that Aristotle recognized with
• The light of nature that illumines morality
• The love of nature that guides kindness
• Gods purposes for human beings
• Gods traits or perfections
• The theistic concept of entelechies

5
Aquinas

• The word natural in Natural Law refers to
• Human Nature
• Gods Nature
• Our sinful nature
• Our divine nature
• Nature or Gods creation

6
Aquinas

• The word law in Natural Law refers to
• Gods commands
• Mans rules
• Physical regularities
• Psychic regularities
• The world system

7
Aquinas

• We cannot pursue the good directly, according to
  Aquinas, because
• It is unappealing to sinners
• It is obscured by concern for happiness
• It is abundant or everywhere equally
• It is abstract or not findable in space and
  time
• It is God, and no one can see God

8
The Problem of Evil

• The problem of evil is
• How can God prevent evil?
• How can God permit us to do evil?
• How can God exist given that evil exists?
• How can God do evil?
• How much evil will God allow?

9
The Problem of Evil

• The conclusion of the argument from evil says
• No God exists
• No God is good
• No God is powerful
• No all-good, all-powerful God exists
• No all-knowing God exists

10
The Problem of Evil

• Why cant God just restrain evil-doers?
• Because God is not that powerful
• Because God cannot look on evil, and so cannot
  know who does evil
• Because God promised everyone, including evil
  people, freedom
• Because then no ones actions would be morally
  significant
• Because restraining evil-doers is wrong

11
The Problem of Evil

• The problem with claiming evil is just a lack of
  goodness is
• Everyone knows evil exists
• Evil is necessary for moral development
• Fighting evil is the whole reason for religion
• Lack of goodness works just as well in the
  argument
• It is insulting to folks whove experienced evil

12
The Problem of Evil

• The theistic response to the fact that there are
  possible worlds where creatures have free will
  but do right all the time is
• That is not a fact
• Those worlds are boring
• If creatures dont sin, why would we need God?
• God cant create those worlds, only creatures can
• Freedom implies disobedience

13
The Problem of Evil

• In the argument, unnecessary evils are those
  evils that
• Are consequences of our free choices
• We can easily do without
• We call natural evils, like earthquakes and
  tornados
• Arise from mistakes and misunderstandings
• The devil and his demons produce

14
The Problem of Evil

• The trouble with probabilistic arguments from
  evil is
• All probability is subjective
• We cant establish any associations between God
  and evil
• Probability only results in opinion, not
  knowledge
• Probability only works in mathematics, not
  religion
• There is no trouble that is the argument that
  works

15
Answer Key

• 2E, 3C, 4C, 5A, 6A, 7D, 8C, 9D, 10D, 11D, 12D,
  13C, 14B