Covalent Bonding

1
Covalent Bonding

• Slide Show

2
Covalent Bonds

• This means sharing electrons.
• Valence electrons are shared
• 1 pair of shared electrons single bond.
• 2 pairs of shared electrons double bonds.
• 3 pairs of shared electrons triple bond.

3
Covalent Bonding

• Happens usually between non-metals.
• Occurs usually in gases liquids
• Low melting temperatures. (Easier to break than
  ionic bonds).
• Water Molecule
• (spelled covalent, not colalent) ?

4
Equal vs. Unequal sharing

• Sometimes electrons can get a bit selfish.
• If electrons are equally shared, there is an
  equal pull on each atom.
• (Non-polar covalent bond).
• If electrons are not equally shared, there is
  more of a pull on one atom and less on the other.
• (Polar covalent bond).

5
Non-Polar and Polar dont mix!

• Oil is non-polar.
• Water is Polar
• Oil Water dont mix!
• Soap is part polar and part non-polar
• Soap breaks up grease while mixing with water!

6
Lets name covalent bonds

• For these, use the PREFIX method.
• Look at the formula
• The first element is named first (name)
• The second element is named by dropping the
  ending and add ide.
• Prefixes are used to show number of atoms.
• Mono is not used to name the first element.
• If two vowels are together, the prefix vowel is
  dropped.

• Mono One
• Di Two
• Tri Three
• Tetra - Four
• Penta Five
• Hexa Six
• Hepto Seven
• Octo eight
• Nona nine
• Deca 10

7
Lets wrap it up!

• Ionic Bonds
• Metals Non-metals
• Metals() donate e
• 1, 2, 3 (depends on how much they can give)
• Non-metals(-) receive e
• -1, -2, -3 (depends on how much they can receive)
  
• Criss-Cross method
• Name using ide ending.
• Very Strong

• Covalent Bonds
• Non-metals Non-metals
• Electrons are shared to make atoms stable.
• Prefix naming
• Just count atoms
• Weak Bonds
• Can have Polar Non-Polar Bonds (Electrons vary
  in distribution)