Forging%20a%20New%20Government

1
Forging a New Government

• 1776-1783

2
Western Land

• States with Royal Charters expansion
• States without Royal Charters anger
• Articles of Confederation linkratification
• MD goes after VA
• Eventually VA gives up land claims and MD gives
  up quest for legitimization

3
Northwest Ordinance

• Tensions in the West continue to rise
• 1784 Jefferson proposes first Western Territory
  fix
• 10 new states
• Opportunity for statehood
• Free white males government (scarrrrry)

4
Northwest Ordinance

• 1785 Land Ordinance
• Plan to sell land
• Land divided up into townships with plan to
  auction off
• FAIL not enough money lengthy survey time

5
Northwest Ordinance

• 1787 THE NW Ordinance
• Established government structure
• Bill of Rights
• Freedom of religion
• Trial by jury
• Due process
• Outlawed slavery in territories

6
Shays Rebellion

• 1786 Daniel Shays and armed neighbors close a
  county courthouse in MA
• Courthouse has creditors suing to foreclose farm
  mortgages
• Boston raised a 4,000 man army to quiet rebellion
• Showed that we needed a stronger national
  government.

7
Philadelphia Convention

• Spring, 1787 55 representatives from 12 states
• Top Secret Convention nothing leaves the
  convention
• Votes by states, but not 9/13

8
Philadelphia Conv (cont)

• Virginia Plan (Madison, via Randolph)
• Bicameral, national legislature
• Veto state laws
• Executive branch elected by houses
• New Jersey Plan (Paterson)
• Unicameral legislature
• Tax and trade powers

9
Philadelphia Conv (cont)

• Problems
• Small states worry theyll lose identity
• Large states want to create a strong federal
  government
• Representation by population

10
Philadelphia Conv (cont)

• Compromise
• July 2 1 delegate from each state elected to
  work through major issues
• Franklin is chair (81 years old)
• Two houses
• Senate equal representation
• House of Reps proportional representation

11
Philadelphia Conv (cont)

• Slavery
• 3/5 Rule Every five slaves would equal _____
  free men
• Northern states hated slavery
• Southern states threatened to leave convention
  when pushed on slavery
• South won a clause to retrieve slaves from other
  states
• North conceded on slavery, for now.

12
Philadelphia Conv (cont)

• Final Details
• Electoral college kept Congress from electing
  executive branch
• We the people
• 39 signed the Constitution on September 17.