Aircraft Maintenance Records

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Aircraft Maintenance Records

• Greg Nolting - Aviation Safety Inspector

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My Background

• FAA Inspector since 1995
• Graduate of FAA Approved AP School
• IA since 1981
• Started career at flight school in Minnesota
• Chief Inspector for 135, 141, and 145.
• DOM for 135
• Taught at AP 147 School
• DME

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When are aircraft maintenance records required?

• Whenever any maintenance, preventive maintenance,
  rebuilding, or alteration is performed.
• Maintenance means inspection, overhaul, repair,
  preservation, and the replacement of parts
  (excludes preventive maintenance).
• In other words, you must make a record entry for
  everything, including tire changes.

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14 CFR 43.5   Approval for return to service
after maintenance, preventive maintenance,
rebuilding, or alteration.

• No person may approve for return to service any
  aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller,
  or appliance, that has undergone maintenance,
  preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration
  unless
• (a) The maintenance record entry required by
  43.9 or 43.11, as appropriate, has been made
• (b) The repair or alteration form authorized by
  or furnished by the Administrator has been
  executed in a manner prescribed by the
  Administrator and
• (c) If a repair or an alteration results in any
  change in the aircraft operating limitations or
  flight data contained in the approved aircraft
  flight manual, those operating limitations or
  flight data are appropriately revised and set
  forth as prescribed in 91.9 of this chapter.

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91.405   Maintenance required.

• Each owner or operator of an aircraft
• (a) Shall have that aircraft inspected as
  prescribed in subpart E of this part and shall
  between required inspections, except as provided
  in paragraph (c) of this section, have
  discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 43
  of this chapter
• (b) Shall ensure that maintenance personnel make
  appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance
  records indicating the aircraft has been approved
  for return to service
• (c) Shall have any inoperative instrument or item
  of equipment, permitted to be inoperative by
  91.213(d)(2) of this part, repaired, replaced,
  removed, or inspected at the next required
  inspection and
• (d) When listed discrepancies include inoperative
  instruments or equipment, shall ensure that a
  placard has been installed as required by 43.11
  of this chapter.

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ADVISORY CIRCULAR 43-9B

• Maintenance records are a shared responsibility
  between the owner/operator and maintenance
  personnel, with the ultimate responsibility
  resting with the owner/operator.

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FAR 43.9 RECORD ENTRIES

• Maintenance Records (except for inspections)
  shall contain the following information

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• A description (or reference to data) of work
  performed.
• The date of completion of the work.
• The name of the person performing the work if
  other than specified below.
• The signature, certificate number, and kind of
  certificate held by the person approving the work.

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DESCRIPTION OF WORK PERFORMED

• The description should be in sufficient detail to
  permit a person unfamiliar with the work to
  understand what was done, and the
  methods and procedures used in doing it.
  

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INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

• You dont have to write a book.
• The rule permits reference to technical data in
  lieu of making a detailed entry.
• Common references include maintenance manuals,
  service letters, bulletins, work orders, advisory
  circulars (AC43.13-1B), and others.
• Major alterations may reference STCs.\
• Reference documents must be retained.

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IN ADDITION

• major repairs and alterations shall be entered
  on a form, and the form disposed of, in a manner
  prescribed in appendix B, by the person
  performing the work.
• Requirements of appendix B have changed!
• You will soon be able to file online.

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14 CFR 43.11, RECORDS FOR INSPECTIONS

• The person approving or disapproving for return
  to service after any inspection performed IAW
  Part 91, 123, 125, 135 shall make an entry in
  the maintenance record the following

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• The type of inspection and a brief description of
  the extent of the inspection.
• The date of the inspection and the aircraft total
  time in service.
• The signature, the certificate number, the kind
  of certificate held by the person approving or
  disapproving for return to service.

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• I certify that this aircraft has been inspected
  in accordance with (insert type) inspection and
  was determined to be in airworthy condition.
• Daniel Johnson AP123456789IA

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Sample Logbook Entry

• N123A Tach/Hobbs ____________ ACTT
  ____________
•  
• Enter the type of inspection(s) performed
• Enter accomplishment of all A.D.s including the
  number, revision date, method of compliance, and
  if recurring, the next time/date it is due.
• Enter replacement or inspection of any component
  part with Airworthiness Limitations (include
  part, serial number, and total time in service
  for that component).
• Enter removal and installation of any serialized
  component replacement parts
• (include part, serial number, and total time in
  service for that component).
• Enter description of any other general
  maintenance performed.
• I certify that this aircraft was inspected in
  accordance with a (insert type) inspection and
  was determined to be in an airworthy condition.
  All work was accomplished in accordance with
  current Federal Aviation Regulations and
  manufacturers maintenance instructions. Details
  of work performed can be found on XYZ Company
  work order _______.
•  
• ______________________ _________________________
  _ ____________
• Signature Certificate Date

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Other Considerations

• If you find the aircraft to be unairworthy, you
  need to list the discrepancies. The list must be
  signed and dated.
• For progressive inspections, the certification
  statement is different.
• For other approved inspection programs, the entry
  is made according to that program.

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FAR 91.417 (a) MAINTENANCE RECORDS

• The owner/operator shall keep the following
  records

Aircraft Logbook
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• Records of the maintenance, preventive
  maintenance, alterations, 100 hour, annual,
  progressive and other required or approved
  inspections, as appropriate.
• Total time in service for the aircraft, each
  engine, each propeller, and each rotor.
• Current status of life-limited parts.
• Time since last required overhauls.

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• The current status of applicable Airworthiness
  Directives (A.D.)
• Copies of FAA Form 337 for any major alterations
  performed.

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14 CFR 91.417 (b)(1)

• The Owner or Operator shall retain all
  maintenance records for 1 year after the work is
  performed or until the work is repeated or
  superseded by other work.

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FAR 91.417 (b)(2)

• After one year, some maintenance records do not
  have to be retained.
• For the most part, this pertains to repairs and
  replacement of parts that are not life-limited.
• Altimeter/Transponder checks must be kept for 24
  calendar months, or until repeated.
• All other records must be retained and
  transferred with the aircraft at the time the
  aircraft is sold.

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Lets talk about A.D.s

• The owner/operator shall keep records containing
  the current status of applicable airworthiness
  directives (AD) including, for each, the method
  of compliance, the AD number, and revision date.
  If the AD involves recurring action, the time and
  date when the next action is required.

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Breaking this down .

• How do you determine the current status?
• What was the method of compliance?
• Do you enter the revision date?
• For recurring ADs, do you enter the time and
  date of next recurring action?
• Where do you make these entries?

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Sample from AC 43-9
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Maintenance tracking systems

• Keeping a list of scheduled maintenance.
• Computer tracking.
• Commercial record systems.

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Making it work for you.

• If it doesnt say that you cant, then you can.
• Consider what the regulations dont say.
• They dont say that maintenance records have to
  be kept in a bound logbook.

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Time for Questions

• Thank you for your participation.