Russia

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Russia

• 1450-1750

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Duchy of Muscovy (????????? ??????????)
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Roots of Russian Absolutism

• First Czar, Ivan the Terrible, died in 1584
• During the Time of Troubles (1604-1613) nobles
  elected czars who promised to respect nobles
  privileges
• Natl Assembly elected boy czar Michael Romanov
  in 1613

Crest of Romanov Dynasty
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Roots of Russian Absolutism

• Romanovs soon began to eliminate representative
  institutions and establish themselves as
  absolutists
• Peasant revolt led by Stephen Razin in 1671
  resulted in repression of the peasantry
• By 1675, Russian serfs were no longer bound to
  the soil like they were in Prussia, Poland,
  Bohemia

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Peter the Great

• Became czar in 1682
• Spent time in Holland and England as a young man
• Became determined to introduce Western technology
  and governmental organization to Russia
• Sought a warm water port

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Peter the Great

• Unsuccessful campaigns against the Ottomans in
  Black Sea region caused him to look north
• Sweden was the main obstacle to Russian expansion
  there
• After initial setbacks, Swedes were defeated at
  Poltava in 1709
• Great Northern War ended in 1721 and earned
  Russia St. Petersburg

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