Sentence Structure

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Sentence Structure

• Why Verbs Matter So much!

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Verbs--Most Important Word in the sentence!

• They determine the structure of the sentence
• Two kinds of Verbs Action and Linking

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(No Transcript)
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Action Verbs

• Show an Actionthis is something we could see or
  do most verbs (in the infinitive form)
• To Think to jump
• To Run to love
• To Smile to dream
• To Eat to study
• To sleep to kick
• To drive to compute

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Linking Verbs

• Show a state of being
• When A form of the verb to Be is the main
  verbits linking
• Be Am Is
• Are Was Were
• Been Being
• Also, Become Seem

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Verbs with multiple personalities

• Some verbs can be linking verbs or Action Verbs
• appear, feel, grow, look, prove, remain, smell,
  sound, taste, and turn.
• How do you tell the difference?

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What do I do Now?

• Try to substitute the verb for a form of the verb
  to be like am, is, or are.

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Try it

• Sylvia tasted the spicy squid eyeball
  stewsubstitute is for the verb
• Sylvia is the stew? I don't think so! Tasted,
  therefore, is an action verb in this sentence,
  something Sylvia is doing.

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Try it

• The squid eyeball stew tasted good.
• The squid eyeball stew is good?
• Makes sensemust be linking!

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Try it

• I smell the delicious aroma of a mushroom and
  papaya pizza baking in the oven.
• The mushroom and papaya pizza smells heavenly.

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NoteThis wont work with to appear

• Figure it outwhich is an action?
• The blue Jay appeared happy to see the bird
  feeder.
• Or
• The blue jay suddenly appeared on the branch near
  the bird feeder. (try to substitute an action
  verb)

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Back to Action Verbs
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There are two kinds of action verbs--transitive
intransitive
Realize though, that many verbs are both
transitive and intransitive
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Action verbs-Intransitive
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Intransitive Verbs

• Examples
• Huffing and puffing, we arrived at the classroom
  door with only seven seconds to spare.
• Or
• James went to the campus cafe for a steaming bowl
  of squid eyeball stew.

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Action Verbs--Transitive Verbs
Again, these subject patterns may have
adjectives, adverbs, prepositional phrases, etc.
These are the main structural units of the
sentence.
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S V DO

• Everyone loves Raymond.
• How to find the Direct Object.
• Find the subject and verb, then ask Who or
  what
• everyone Loves who or what?

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S V DO

• Sylvia kicked Juan under the table.
• Subject?
• Verb?
• Subject Verb who or what?

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S V IO DO

• How to find the indirect object
• Find the subject and verb
• Find the direct object, subject and verb who or
  what
• Ask to/for whom or to/for what
• When someone Gets the direct object, there is an
  indirect object

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S V IO DO

• Josh built a Sand Castle on the Beach.
• Vs.
• Josh built his sister a sand castle on the beach.
  

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Double Checking indirect objects

• Can you make the indirect object into a
  prepositional phrase using to or for
• To explain the broken lamp, we told mom a lie.
• Whats the indirect object?
• Check, make it into a prepositional Phrase

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Summing up action verbs
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Subject Complement
A subject complement is the adjective, noun, or
pronoun that follows a linking verb.
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Linking verbs Sentence Patterns
Linking Verbs 3 Sentence Patterns
S LV PA A predicate adjective or subject
complement describes the subject of the sentence
S LV adverbial An adverbial is a phrase or clause
acting as an adverb often in the form of a
prepositional phrase answering the questions
where? or when?
S LV PN A predicate noun or subject
complementThe Predicate Noun or pronoun RENAMES
the subject
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S LV PN, example

• A Ferret is a type of Weasel.
• My mother is a lawyer in providence.
• Steve is the best student in the class.
• To double check use an
• Ferretweasel

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S LV PA

• A ferret is furry and fuzzy.
• Brandon becomes embarrassed when people
  compliment his skill.
• The exchange student was French.
• Double check, can the adjective be moved in front
  of the subject? The furry ferret

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S LV adverb

• My birthday was yesterday.
• The ferret is in the garage.
• The ghost is in the attic.

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S LV Pronoun

• When a Pronoun is used as a Subject Complement,
  you use the Subject Pronouns
• I you s/he
• We they Who

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Examples

• Dont get mad at me for pulling your hair. It
  was he.
• Remember the wonderful poet we were talking
  about. This is she.
• Hello, it is I, your wonderful teacher.

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To Review