A Changing Europe

1
A Changing Europe

• A Quick
• World History Review

2
Middle Ages(400-1300)

• After the fall of Rome, Europe is not united
  Kings fight for territory and ruling power.
• Feudal System is created
• Kings
• Lords/Nobles
• Knights
• Peasants / Serfs

3
A Clash Over Power

• Constant power struggle between kings and church
  officials.
• 1096-1200 The Crusades
• Spread of Christianity
• Introduced Europeans to new cultures, ideals, and
  trade.
• Demand for new goods created more trade.

4
A Power Shift

• 1215 Magna carta Limiting ruling power for King
  John of England.
• Parliament
• House of Lords Hour of Commons
• This document wrote down two new ideas. The
  first was that the king had to obey the law, like
  other people. And the second idea was that if the
  king broke the law, the lords had the right to
  remove that king and choose a new one. The lords
  formed the council of the king, (parliament), and
  that council could stop the king from doing
  things if the council thought they were wrong. In
  particular, the king could not collect new taxes
  unless the council said it was okay.

5
The Bubonic Plague

• 1348-1350 Thought to have started in Asia,
  spread from merchant ships traveling the
  Mediterranean to Europe.
• Europes population is devastated.
• End of Feudalism
• People moved to the cities new opportunities
  and ideas

6
The Renaissance1400s 1600s

• A time of BIG CHANGE! New ideas in technology,
  art, shipbuilding, map making, science, thinking,
  etc.
• 1455 The Printing Press
• 1517 Martin Luther -The Ninety-Five Thesis
• 1530s Protestant Reformation - The breaking of
  the Catholic church
• 1534 King Henry VIII - Breaks from Catholic
  Church creates Church of England (He is in
  charge of both church and state)
• Wars break out in Europe over religion and ruling
  power

7
Age of Exploration

• The Sea was the super highway of trade and riches
  and Spain lead the way
• 1492 Columbus - Sailed for Spain (Ferdinand
  Isabella) looking for a western route to Asia.
  Three ships found land (thought he was in
  Asia), but actually in Canary Islands (Cuba/
  Puerto Rico Islands).
• 1501 Amerigo Vespucci Sailed for Spain
  landed in present day South America Map maker
  called it North and South America.
• 1513 Ponce De Leon Sailed for Spain landed
  in present day Florida.
• 1519 Hernan Cortez Sailed for Spain
  Conquered the Aztec Empire ( for Spain)
• 1534 Francisco Pizarro Sailed for Spain
  Conquered the Inca Empire in present day Peru
  (South America) (More for Spain)

8
Another Power Shift The Spanish Armada1588
By the late 1500s, Spain was the most powerful
country in the world, especially on the sea.
England was a small country, with little wealth,
few friends, and many enemies. The Spanish made
no secret of their hostility to the English
Queen, Elizabeth. Queen Elizabeth had heard
mutterings of the intended invasion of England by
Spain for some time. It was planned that the
Spanish fleet, consisting of over 100 ships,
would sail up from Spain along the English
Channel and conquer England once and for all.
But the English were waiting. On the cliffs of
England and Wales, men watched the seas day and
night, waiting for the first sighting of the
great Armada. When at last the great ships
appeared on the horizon, beacons were lit on the
hillsides, which sent the message over the cliffs
and throughout the country, that the Spanish were
coming. The Spanish fleet was trapped and was
defeated by the small British fleet. Great
Britain becomes the leader of the seas
9
Quick ReviewAnswer the following questions in
complete sentences

1. How did the Magna Carta change the power of King
   John?
2. Why was the printing press such an important
   invention?
3. What was the result of the Protestant
   Reformation?
4. How did Spain become a powerhouse on the seas?
5. What event shifted sea power from Spain to Great
   Britain?