George the Magnificent

1
George the Magnificent

• Prepare to Be Amazed!

2
(No Transcript)
3

• On Choosing A Preservation File Format for Video
  TIFFs are too big to store, or We Used JPEGs
  and Nobody Died
• George Blood
• Digital Preservation Interest Group
• American Library Association, Preservation and
  Reformatting Section
• San Francisco 2015

4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6

• What should we do?

7
https//vimeo.com/3750507
8
Less Bad Practice
1. Use as High a data rate as possible
9
Proprietary vs. Non-Proprietary

• Proprietary
• ProRes
• WMV
• Silverlight
• DV50

10
Proprietary vs. Non-Proprietary

• Non-Proprietary
• v210 (uncompressed)
• DV (IEC 61834)
• D10 (SMPTE 356M),
• MPEG4 (ISO/IEC 14496)

11
Less Bad Practice

1. Use as High a data rate as possible
2. Use Non-proprietary codec

12
Understand loss
13
Understand loss
Bit Rot
One broken bit in a single frame of losslessly
compressed video
Courtesy of David Rice
14
http//georgeblood.com/Movies/4-Artifacts_Null_Qua
d_Split_h264.mov
15
Zero loss is unacceptable!
Except what we throw away!
16
Less Bad Practice

1. Use as High a data rate as possible
2. Use Non-proprietary codec
3. Understand what youre throwing away

17
Understand Storage Costs
1975 - 1 reel, 1 hour of quad video 350 1,550
in 2016 dollars 2015 - 1 cartridge, 1 hour of
Digital Betacam 28 obsolete format 2015 -
100GB quality HDD storage 10 2 copies 20 2015
100GB in the Cloud 1/mo. Google or Glacier,
and falls over time It's not a TDR but neither
are your hard drives on a shelf!
18
Understand Storage Costs
High Performance Storage 2007 GBAVF cost for
2TB 100,000, 2 FTE 2015 GVAVF cost for 100TB,
100,000, 2 FTE managing 250TB of storage,
10TB/day, etc. David Rosenthal Cost of
storage is rising because we're storing
more. http//www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIM
EDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/mow/VC_Rosenthal_et_al_27_B_1330
.pdf
19
Less Bad Practice

1. Use as High a data rate as possible
2. Use Non-proprietary codec
3. Understand what youre throwing away
4. Understand how much storage costs

20
Recast the question
If we're able to digitize it, though compressed,
and its saved and accessible, isnt it
preserved? If it's worth retaining access to it,
but we accept there's some loss because the
quality is poor to start with - that is, image
quality isn't what we're concerned about saving,
it's the intellectual content - if we don't call
it preservation, what do we call it? Janet Gertz
21
Less Bad Practice

1. Use as High a data rate as possible
2. Use Non-proprietary codec
3. Understand what youre throwing away
4. Understand how much storage costs
5. Understand your actions - preserving the
   intellectual essence

22
JPEG2000/MXF, AS-07
Are we there yet? How will I know my
institution is ready? Isnt my preservation
space already special? Can I afford it? How
often will it be a problem?
23
File Sizes
10-bit uncompressed 100 GB DV25 14 DV50
27 ProRes (HQ) 33 JPEG2000 38
24
Less Bad Practice

1. Use as High a data rate as possible
2. Use Non-proprietary codec
3. Understand what youre throwing away
4. Understand how much storage costs
5. Understand your actions - preserving the
   intellectual essence

25
Less Bad Practice

• 6. Exert yourself
• "advocate for archives
• make good choices
• Who was ever fired for doing a better job?
• - Advocate for uncompressed
• - Adopt JPEG2000/MXF

26

• On Choosing A Preservation File Format for Video
  TIFFs are too big to store, or We Used JPEGs
  and Nobody Died
• George Blood
• Digital Preservation Interest Group
• American Library Association, Preservation and
  Reformatting Section
• San Francisco 2015