HEMIC Hawaii Employers

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Welcome
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HEMICHawaii Employers Mutual Insurance Company

• PATHWAY TO SAFETY SERIES
• Substance Abuse Program
• by HEMIC Loss Prevention Services

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Drugs In The Workplace

• Threatens the home, schools, and communities.
• Estimated 30 of all injuries occur to
  individuals under the influence of drugs.
• The National Council on Compensation Insurance
  reports an estimated 140 billion dollars are lost
  annually in accidents, lost productivity, thefts
  and absenteeism.
• Thousands of lives are lost annually.

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Substance Abusers

• Substance abusers are 3-4 times more likely to be
  involved in an on-the-job accident
• Substance abusers are 10 times more likely to be
  absent
• 5 times more likely to file a workers
  compensation claim
• 51 more medical claims than non-abusers
• 25 - 30 less productive than non-abusers
• Median dollar costs for medical claims of
  substance abusers is 83 higher
• Substance abusers average 19,000 per person in
  additional losses associated with absenteeism,
  turnover, W/C, and medical care coverage

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Additional Facts

• 98 of Fortune 200 Companies do drug testing
• 65 of companies with 500 or more employees do
  drug testing
• Only 4 of companies with 10 or less employees do
  drug testing
• Turnover rate is 47 higher during the 1st year
  of employment for substance abusers
• Drug positive applicants are 2.4 times more
  likely to be disciplined
• Cocaine positive applicants were 5.5 times more
  likely to be disciplined
• An estimated 9 of applicants are screened out
  annually through drug testing

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Substance Abuse Program Checklist

• Program Coordinator
• Written Program
• Who Will Be Tested
• Reasons For Testing
• Disciplinary Actions

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Program Coordinator

• May be in charge of
• Random selection process
• Notification of selected candidates
• Scheduling of testing activities
• Maintenance of confidential records
• Receives Drug Testing Results
• Determines Compliance With Companys Program
• Complete the Annual Testing Summary

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Drugs To Be Tested

• Marijuana
• Cocaine
• Opiates
• Amphetamines
• Phencyclidine (PCP)

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Use of Marijuana

• Shreds of material in pockets, bobby pins, clips
• Pleasant Euphoria
• Lethargy, inability to concentrate
• Impaired motor skills
• Distorted sense of time and distance
• Sweet aromatic aroma

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Use of Cocaine

• Restlessness and nervousness
• Mental confusion
• Irritability and anxiety
• Excessively active
• Long periods without eating or sleeping, likely
  to be emaciated
• Chronically runny nose, respiratory problems from
  snorting cocaine
• Seizures, dilated pupils

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Use of Opiates

• Mental dullness
• Scars on the arms, hands/injections
• Constricted pupils
• Scratches frequently
• Gooseflesh
• Loss of appetite
• Nodding/slurring speech
• Restlessness, sniffles, red eyes

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Use of Amphetamines

• Reduced appetite
• Exhaustion
• Similar effects to cocaine, but last a long time

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Use of Phencyclidine (PCP)

• Non-communicative, blank staring appearance with
  eye flicking from side to side
• High stepping, exaggerated gait
• Increased insensitivity to pain
• Extreme mood swings
• Combative tendencies
• Extreme strengths often exhibited

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Signs of Drug Misuse

• Change in attendance at work
• Dramatic swings in attitude
• Change in work habits
• Poor physical appearance, dress and personal
  hygiene
• Efforts to cover arms to hide needle marks
• Association with other drug users

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WHO SHOULD BE TESTED?

• REASONS TO BE TESTED?

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Pre-Employment Drug Testing

• All new hires
• Selective drug testing
• Recommended testing inclusive of
• Employees
• Managers
• Supervisors
• Administration
• All Payroll Recipients

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Random Drug Testing

• Every employee has equal chance to be tested
• Random tests are unannounced
• Annual testing rate of 25 - 50
• All employees must be in the pool of names
• Every employee includes all employees receiving
  payroll

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Post Accident Testing

• Drug testing for reportable accidents is defined
  as any incident that results in
• Property damage
• Personal injury
• Injury of another person
• Death of another person

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Reasonable Cause Testing

• Employees appearance or conduct is indicative of
  the use of drugs
• Two supervisors or officials should observe the
  conduct if possible
• Employee must be taken immediately to collection
  site
• Document employees action that resulted in test
  within 24 hours

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Testing Process

• Urine specimens collected under highly controlled
  conditions
• Requires a designated collection site
• Acceptable security for collection
• Chain of custody documentation
• Use of authorized personnel
• Privacy during collection
• Integrity and identity of the specimen
• Transportation to the laboratory

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Laboratory Testing

• Labs must be certified
• National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
• Immunoassay Test
• Initial screening test
• If negative, no additional tests on specimen will
  be performed
• If Positive, Gas Chromatography Test
• A confirmatory test conducted
• Results reported to the Program Coordinator

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SCHOOL DRUG TESTING
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Recordkeeping Requirements

• An accurate record keeping system requires
• Safeguards against the unauthorized release of
  information
• Proper chain of custody documentation
• Protection of the privacy of employee
• Overall program effectiveness

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Results of Controlled Substance Test

• Information that should be maintained in the
  employees file
• The date of the urine collection
• The location of the collection site
• The identity of the lab performing tests
• Whether the test findings were positive or
  negative, and if positive the name of the drug

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Annual Summary of Drug Testing Program

• This summary should include
• Total number of tests administered
• For Each Category of Testing
• Number of individuals who failed
• Failure rate
• Disposition of each employee who did not pass a
  drug test (Violent Reaction?)
• Determine What Your Company is Going to Do With
  The Information In File

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DISCIPLINARY ACTION

• COMPANY POLICY MAY VARY

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Normal brain of young adult male
FRONT VIEW
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No more ice use but progressive damage four
months later
FRONT VIEW
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No more ice use but progressive damage four
months later
LATERAL VIEW
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Before Using Ice
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After 4 Years of Using Ice
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Acknowledgements

• Legislative Information Service of Hawaii,
  Honolulu
• Dr. Carol M. Law, President, Drug-Free Workplace,
  Inc., Pensacola, Florida
• National Council on Compensation Insurance,
  National Council on Alcoholism and Drug
  Dependence, and the American Society of Safety
  Engineers
• SCHACHTER, KRISTOF, ROSS, SPRAGUE CURLALE,
  Attorneys _at_ Law, San Francisco, California
• United Postal Service (USPS), Washington, D.C.
• General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Michigan

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Mahalo

• Have a safe and healthful day.
• 
  HEMIC