Evidence for Evolution

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Evidence for Evolution
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• Fossils

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• Homologous structures
• Structures shared by related species and
  that come from a common ancestor

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• Analogous structures
• Body parts that share common function, but
  not structure
• ex. Bird wing and bee wing

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• Vestigial structures
• inherited from ancestors but has none or
  little function

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• Embryological development
• - similar in vertebrates

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• Genetics
• - DNA sequences shows organisms history
• - closely related organisms will have similar
  DNA sequences as well as similar amino acid
  sequences
• All living things follow same genetic code

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Patterns of Evolution

• Coevolution
• 2 species evolve in response to changes in
  each other
• ex. Plants and animals that pollinate them

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• Convergent Evolution
• organisms appear similar due to
  environment, but are not closely related
• ex. Sharks (fish) dolphins (mammal)

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• Divergent Evolution
• 2 or more related species become more
  dissimilar results from differing habitats
• Adaptive radiation
• many species from 1 ancestor
• ex. finches
• Artificial selection
• ex. dogs