Forestry in Spain: Sustainable Management and Protection Jos A Pardos Spanish Royal Academy of Engin

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Forestry in Spain Sustainable Management
and Protection José A
Pardos Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering

CAETS 2009 Calgary

July 15, 2009
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General outlook
(TRAGSA, 2002)
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General outlook
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Actions in the Territory
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Socio-Economy Culture

• Forest products
• Forest Culture
• Social values of nature
• Information
• Research

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Instruments National Forest Inventory
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Instruments Forest Map

• Two Versions
• 1200.000, 93 volumes, 92 Map Sheets
• 1 1.100.000, 1 volume, 1 sheet, 1 CD
• Formations
• Sclerophylls (oaks)
• Sub-sclerophylls (oaks, maples)
• Deciduous (beech, oaks)
• Similar to taiga (pines,firs)
• Hiperxerophylls (pines, junipers)
• Interzonals (poplars, willows)
• Plantations (poplars, eucalyptus)
• Brush

(Ruiz de la Torre, DGCONA , 2002)
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Instruments
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Biodiversity Conservation

• NATURA 2000 Network of natural spaces. Inclusion
  of 27 forest types, graslands, shrublands,
  wetlands, saltbush associations.
• National Parks, Natural Parks
• Singular trees

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Pests, pollution (some examples)

• Conifers
  Broadleaves
• Defoliants
• Thaumatopea pitiocampa
• Eucalyptus bark borer
• Phoracantha semipunctata
• Integrated fight
• Growth inhibitors
• Bacillus thuringensis
• Piretroides
• Bark beetle
• Hylobius abietis

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Diseases
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Protection against Forest Fires
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Hydrological- Forest Restoration
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Forest Hydrology and Mountain Ecosystems

• Reduction of rush floods, torrents,
  avalanches, run off, soil protection
• - Woodland regeneration
• Afforestation
• Hidrological Forest restoration in the watershed
  heads

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Ecohydrology Ecohydraulics
- Aquatic habitats Structure Dynamics - Rivers
restoration Aquatic fauna - Hydraulic
conditions - Impact evaluation
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Forest Genetics Tree Improvement

• Provenance Regions delimitation
• (Pinus sp., Quercus sp) gtgt
• Use of Reproduction Material for
• forestation and commercial use.
• Provenance tests (Pinus sp)
• Delimitation of selected populations and stands
  for genetic resources conservation

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Forest Genetics Tree Improvement

• Genetic structure characterization
• (molecular markers) of
• populations (p.e. P.canariensis)
• Genetic diversity Spain in
• EUROFORGEN
• Spanish Forest Genetic Network

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Timber and non- woody products
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Clonal Eucalyptus globulus plantations for pulp
(ENCE)
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Short rotation forestry Eucalyptus for biomass
production (ENCE)

• E. maidenii, E. camaldulensis, E. gunii, (without
  irrigation) , Huelva.
• Density 2500-3500 trees ha-1.
• Rotation 2-3 years
• Production 15 t ha-1 year-1(d.m.)

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Short rotation forestry for biomass production

• Pawlonia elongata
  X fortunei
• 1600
  t /ha, 3m x 2m, watering 2 years
• 
  2-3 years rotation, 35 -45 t/ha predict
  
• 
  (30 water contents)

(COTEVISA)
Villar del Arzobispo, 7 months
2 years plantation At Extremadura
Right Left 18 month old trees In the
middle 10 months old coppice shoot from them
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Short rotation forestry for biomass production
Poplar clones
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Forestry in the context of climate change Open
questions

• Phytoclimate approaches
• Perturbation responses (flora fauna)
• Carbon sequestration
• 
  (Cátedra ENCE, 2003)

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Forestry in the context of climate change
Ecological Process Models
Estimación de la producción primaria neta del
ecosistema en los bosques de la Península
IIbérica en cuatro escenarios (1990, 2020, 2050,
2080) por aplicación del modelo GOTILWA. Los
valores negativos indican un comportamiento como
sumidero neto de carbono, desde moderado (en
amarillo y verde) a fuerte (en azul y negro). Los
valores positivos indican un comportamiento como
fuente neta de carbono (en anaranjado y rojo).
Los resultados muestran que en la Península
Ibérica tras un comportamiento del efecto
sumidero, hacia la mitad de siglo
series
se invertiría la situación para convertirse en
emisor (Gracia,2006).

• Net primary production in forests in the Iberian
  Peninsula for 1990,2020, 2050, 2080 according to
  GOTILWA model (Gracia, 2006). Negative values,
  behaviour as C sink positive values, as C
  source. In the middle of the century inversion
  from sinks to sources

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Thanks