Title: Professor Ramaz Gakhokidze
1Application of New Ecologically Pure Bioorganic
Methods in the Agriculture
Professor Ramaz Gakhokidze Head of Department of
Bioorganic Chemistry of Tbilisi State
University, Georgia Academician of International
Engineering Academy State prize Winner E-mail
rgakhokidze_at_gmail.com
2- Providing by food the growing population of our
planet demands to carry out the following
measures -
- 1. Constant perfection of agricultural system
management and technological processes. - 2. Intensification of soil cultivation by
application of effective, complex factors. - 3. Reproduction growth and rational usage of
soil fertility. - 4. Revelation of maximal potential facilities of
the plants by using of bioorganic methods. -
- Nowadays the scientists are trying to solve the
problem of world food supplies by help of the
first three items. - We consider the fourth item suggested by us as an
efficient way of productivity increase and
augmentation of qualitative characteristics of
agricultural produce.
3- A basic reason of ecological crisis is an
imperfection of technology of agricultural
production intensification. Agricultural
production today is based on the application of
fertilizers and pesticides which is one of the
basic reason of environment pollution.
Environment pollution causes a damage of genetic
apparatus, to which are connected not only
hereditary diseases, inborn deformities,
malignant tumors, but such illnesses, as
cardiovascular, neural, digestive system, immune
and other ones. With the increase of pesticides
application there were risen a number of mentally
retarded children. By data of USA ministry of
health explains the population death-rate
increase, hypertension, cancer and cirrhosis by
environment pollution with pesticides and other
harmful substances. This is the greatest danger
which threatens to mankind. - Unfortunately, today it is impossible to refuse
the chemicalization in agriculture. The use of
chemicals in agriculture nowadays does not
guarantee the high quality and safety of the
product. Foodstuff safety is duty of state.
Improvement of existed situation from position of
environment protection is possible by reduction
till minimum of negative influence of
chemicalization of agriculture.
4- One of the direction of solving of this problem
is the application of bioregulators. Tens of
billion of dollars are spent by the firms on
creating of new regulators. In spite of this,
these preparations are far from being perfect. - On the basis of a new scientific discipline -
agrobioorganic chemistry, on the basis of natural
products we created non-toxic bioregulators of a
new type bioenergyactivators, which have no
analogies. They enable to receive ecologically
pure, rich harvest of high quality and increase
immunity through the augment of vital potential
in plants by minimal chemicalization and to use
land to the maximum and efficiently, that is of
special importance for countries having
insufficient arable land. Nowadays, there is no
remedy in the world which can increase
productivity of agricultural crops and at the
same time simultaneously grow green mass and
qualitative indices.
5- Bioenergyactivators are regulators of a new
generation, which principally differ from
well-known chemical remedies and enable to manage
endogenous (self) regulatory systems of plants.
They have been used for cultivation of cereals,
melons and vegetables. The crop capacity has been
increased significantly yielding ecologically
pure products. At the same time, composition of
protein, limited amino acids, vitamins,
microelements and other bioactive compounds
grows in fruit. For instance, vitamin C in maize
increases by 50 , lysine by 80 , iodine by 960
, selenium by 200 . - Bioenergyactivators have been found to facilitate
the rooting of grafts of toughly rooted plants,
which demonstrated good results on silver spruce
(picea pungens Engelman), kiwi, vine, nut,
kazanlyk rose, geranium, gladiolus and other
valuable plants. The obtained results
significantly exceed all the known data obtained
by other methods in this area.
6- Silver spruce is a valuable plant both from
decorative and ecological point of view. It
releases a large amount of phytoncides (which
clear the air from microbes) and, in its turn,
absorbs heavy metals, pesticides and other
poisons available in the environment, i.e. it is
a natural filter. It is difficult for silver
spruce to strike root, therefore it is germinated
by seeds which can yield fully-developed plant
only within 10-15 years and with a small outcome.
The use of bioenergyactivators allows for this
unique wood genus to strike root by 90-85 and
significantly accelerates its growth and
development.
7- Rooting of valuable decorative plant silver
spruce. - On the left nontreated grafts.
- On the right treated grafts.
Silver spurce seedlings obtained by use of new
technologies.
83 Year silver spruce rooted by use of new
technologies. The plant reached a height of 2
metres and 20 cm at the age of 7 years.
9- Using the new method it would be also possible
for the tillers of actinidia-kiwi to strike root.
Kiwi or yangtao actinidia is a subtropical berry
culture. It is one of the richest plants in
biologically active substances. It has from
ancient time been used both as food, so for
treatment. In China it has long been used to
prevent quite a number of diseases, including
cancer. As demonstrated by our research, the use
of bioenergyactivators results in a substantial
increase in the plants content of bioactive
substances enhancing strongly its pharmacological
and therapeutic activity.
10Effect of bioenergoactivators on rootage of
kiwi graft (after 60 days). On the right
nontreated (control version). On the left
treated.
11- Vine grafting has a long-term history. In spite
of this, the yield of the first quality grafted
saplings is rather low. Bioenergyactivators have
a high effect on the yield of saplings. They
promote rooting and provide active performance of
current vital processes resulting in their
full-fruitage development within a short period
of time. - At present, considerable attention has been
focused upon artificial immunization of plants
which can be considered a powerful means in
increasing nonspecific resistance against
diseases and various unfavourable influences. - This innovation is a strong remedy to increase
stability of plants towards diseases and other
unfavorable conditions. Some compounds acquired
in our laboratory show strong immunologic effect
on the lemon sorts growing in Georgia, against
Mul secco diseases, caused by fungus Phoma
tracheifila, which causes drying of lemons,
oranges, and the rest of citruses and damages
crop of citruces. It should be noted that the use
of new biopreparations sharply increases frost
resistance and promotes fruiting by several
years.
12Influence of the new preparation on lemon (New
Georgian variety) resistance On the left
Mal secco indusing fungi (Phoma tracheifila)
inoculated plant (nontreated). On the right
Mal secco indusing fungi (Phoma tracheifila)
inoculated plant (treated).
13- New preparations strengthen the plants resistance
against outside factors and diseases, which
provides the means of getting ecologically pure
agricultural crop without polluting ground by
poison. They penetrate into the plant cell, play
a role of inductors of general unspecific
durability, and stimulate protection function of
the plant by activation of reserved mechanism. - Plant mycoplasmic diseases are wide spread and
cause considerable damage to agriculture.
Mycoplasmic as well as virus diseases, because of
specificity of pathogenic microorganisms and the
widespread of infection, belong to plant diseases
with a practically impossible cure. As it is
known, recently, leaf rugosity a mycoplasmic
disease of the mulberry-tree had a serious
negative influence of the nutrient source of
sericulture. For restoration of the sericulture
it is very important to restore the nutrient
source, namely to conduct some activities
against the leaf rugosity diseases.
14- We have demonstrated that the treatment of
mulberry-tree by energyactivators the resistance
of the plant to the mycoplasmic disease
increases. The processed plant could recover its
immune system on account of utilization of
reserve substances. Growth and development of
the plant is stimulated, active elements of their
anatomic structure and of productivity indices
are improved, and spreading of the mycoplasmic
disease is decreased all of these can be
considered as increasing of general resistance of
the plants to the disease, as well as to
unfavorable environment factors.
15As it is seen from Table 1, the number of
diseased plants was decreased by 70, and
progression of the disease decreased by 60.4,
in comparision with the control data.
Table 1 The Effect of Bioenergyactivator on
Resistance of Mulberry Tree to the Leaf
Rugosity Disease (an old plantation)
Variant Number of experimental plants Number of infected plants Percentage of infected plants Disease development,
Control Test 20 20 18 4 90.0 20.0 67.5 7.1
16leaf rugosity of mulberry tree (nontreated).
The dried tree because of leaf rugosity
revived within 2 months after pouring of
bioenergoactivator (2L) into its roots and even
gave fruit (no disease is noted).
17- Germination energy and sprouting capacity of the
mulberry seed are quite high in comparision to
the control variant (Table 2). - Table 2
- The Effect of Bioenergyactivator on Germination
Energy and Sprouting Capacity of the Mulberry
Seed
Variant Soaking method Soaking method Spraying method Spraying method
Variant Germnation energy, Sprouting capacity, Germination energy, Sprouting capacity,
Control Test 81.3 96.6 89.3 98.0 80.6 86.6 89.3 94.0
18Roots of saplings grown from mulberry tree
seeds (4 months later after sowing) On the left-
control version. On the right- treated.
19- Proteins carry out a huge role in the ability for
plants to live. A feed of silkworm with highly
nourishing leaves increases the average weight of
cocoons and quantity of an unwinding string.We
determine influence of bioenergyactivator on
protein content in leaves of mulberry (in spring
and autumn) and in haemolymph of caterpillars of
silkworm. Quantity of proteins both in leaves of
a mulberry and in haemolymph increases
considerably because of influence of
bioenergy-activator. In particular, in
experimental spring leaves the quantity of
proteins increases by 3.6 more than in control
variant, and in autumnal leaves - by 88.5
(Table 3). - Table 3
- Influence of Bioenergyactivator on Protein
Content of Total, Non-Protein and Protein
Nitrogen in Control and Experimental Leaves of
Mulberry
Variant In spring leaves In spring leaves In spring leaves In spring leaves
Variant Total nitrogen, Non-protein Nitrogen, Protein Nitrogen, Quantity of proteins,
Control 3,09 0,48 2,61 16,3
Test 3.26 0.56 2.71 16.9
In autumnal leaves In autumnal leaves In autumnal leaves In autumnal leaves In autumnal leaves
Control 1.68 0.3 1.38 8.62
Test 2.9 0.3 2.6 16.25
20- Quantity of proteins in haemolymph of fifth age
of test variant for 3rd day increases by 10.4,
and for 8th day by 21.5, to surpass a control
variant (Table 4). -
- Table 4
- Influence of Bioenergyactivator on Quantity of
Proteins in Haemolymph
In haemolymph of fifth age Day Quantity of proteins Quantity of proteins
In haemolymph of fifth age Day Control Test
In haemolymph of fifth age III 9.48 10.47
In haemolymph of fifth age VIII 10.21 12.41
21- As a result of influence of bioenergyactivator
the quantity of proteins in leaves of a mulberry
and in haemolymph caterpillars of silkworm, we
see significant changes in biotechnological
indices. Application of the bioenergyactivator
increases the total weight of silk, improves the
type of silk, the thread and the average length
of the thread (Table 5). - Table 5
- The Effect of Bioenergyactivator on
Technological Indices of the Cocoon
variant Total weight of living cocoon, g Kind of sericulture, Outcome of thread, Aaverage length of thread, m
Control Test 2.30 3.70 41.07 45.79 36.61 43.75 1390 1580
22- Bioenergyactivators are ecologically pure and
safe. They provide natural normalization of
plants. They enable preservation of homeostasis
through activation of physiological regulatory
mechanisms, providing adaptation to the extremal
conditions. They influence on the various system
of metabolism breath, photosynthesis,
biosynthesis of proteins, carbo-hydrates and
secondary substances. They cause sharp increase
an activity of some enzymes, for example
katalases, peroxidases, change physical and
chemical properties of protoplasm and
penetrability of cellular membranes for water,
mineral and organic substances.
Bioenergyactivator stimulates the nitrate
assimilation and protein levels in the bean
primary leaves by using nitrate as single
nitrogen source at the early stages of
vegetation. - There are two ways of adaptation of human with
environment. The first improvement of
environmental preservation, the second increase
the stability of organisms towards the action of
harmful factors.
23- Adaptation of living organisms to the different
conditions is possible through the usage of
bioenergyactivators. They reveal strong
antioxi-dant properties which give the means of
reduction of negative influence on human being
caused by chemicalization of agriculture. - In the laboratory mice antimutagenic and
anticytotoxic effect of bioenergyactivators
(biorag, ragozan, ematon and ragil) have been
studied during mutation and cytotoxicity induced
with the fertilizers and the pesticides.
Experiments showed that tested bioenergy-activator
s exerted highly effective antimutagenic and
anticytotoxic action. - By obtained results it is possible to increase
the quantity as well as quality of agricultural
products, and at the same time, to reduce
negative influence of agricultural
chemicalization on the environment, which will
give great economic, ecologic and social effects.
24Examples of using new biotechnologies
On the right- sunflower obtained by use of new
technologies (seed oiliness increased 1,5
times ). On the left- control version.
25examples of using new biotechnologies
Vegetable marrow On the left nontreated.
On the right treated.
1,5 Year apple tree treated by
bioenergoactivator.
26examples of using new biotechnologies
Herbal plant (kalanhoe) 8 months after sowing.
On the left nontreated.
On the right treated.
Sugar beet On the left nontreated.
On the right treated.
27examples of using new biotechnologies
Effect of new technologies on cucumber and
dwarfish pomegranate.
28examples of using new biotechnologies
On the left- control
version (unripe).
On the right- treated (picked 5 times).
29examples of using new biotechnologies
Mexican cucumber (chaiot) obtained by use of new
technologies .
Potato obtained on the marshy soil by use of new
technologies. On the left- control version. On
the right- treated.
On the left control version. On the
right treated.
30examples of using new biotechnologies
Exsperiments in the conservatory of Tbilisi
State University
31examples of using new biotechnologies
One plant of the maize sort Kartuli krugi
usually gives 1 corn-cob only 1-6
characterized by 2 corn-cobs. The use of new
biopreparation 70 of plants give 3 corn-cobs,
and 30 from 4 to 7 corn-cobs.
32examples of using new biotechnologies
Maize crop yielded with the use
of new biopreparation.
Effect of bioenergoactivators on the maize roots
system.
33examples of using new biotechnologies
Chickens of the same age. On the right- control
version. On the left- chicken fed with new
biopreparation during 20 days.
Non-castrated,10 months old pig (species
landras) grown to 320 kg by use of
biopreparation.
34Results achieved by use of new biotechnologies in
farm household
35Results achieved by use of new biotechnologies in
farm household
36Results achieved by use of new biotechnologies in
farm household
37Results achieved by use of new biotechnologies in
farm household
38 Improvement of chemical composition of
agricultural crops by use of new technologies
Agriculture crops Indices Type of treatment Type of treatment
Agriculture crops Indices Untreated sample Treated sample
Maize Protein, 9,20 10,76
Maize Fat, 3,56 4,75
Maize Lyzine, g/kg 3,24 6,42
Maize Tyrosine, g/kg 1,32 3,21
Maize Iodine, mg/kg 0,06 0,58
Maize Selinium, mg/kg 0,36 0,74
Sugar-beet Sucrose, 10,3 22,5
Wheat (sort Dolis Puri) Wet Gluten, 25,6 43,2
Grape (sort Izabella) Sugar content, 12 24
39The agricultural products obtained by the use of
bioenergyactivators due to their ecological
purity and high nutrient content (protein,
limited amino acids, vitamins, microelements)
are valuable for babies nourishment. Based on
current research of physicians and hygienists
the crop obtained with bionergyactivators is a
good means for preventing goitre, cardiovascular
and other diseases.
40-
- NEW BIOTECHNOLOGIES ENABLE
- to receive biologically pure harvest non
polluting environment - to significantly increase crop capacity
- to speed up development of plants (to abridge
ripening terms, to receive early harvest) - to improve quality of harvest (increase content
of microelements, protein, carbohydrates, limited
aminoacids, vitamins and other bioorganic
substances) - to increase green mass
- to intensify stability towards diseases and
unfavorable conditions of environment - to increase effectiveness of fertilizers, which
enables economy of mineral fertilizers