Cathedrals

1
Cathedrals

• Romanesque
• Gothic

2
Floor plan of Canterbury, pre 1350
3
(No Transcript)
4
Floor plan of Ely
5
Salisbury
6
Mount Saint Michael
7
Romanesque

• AD 1066-1190
• Inspired by Roman architecture
• Massive and solid construction
• Semi-circular arches
• Church shaped like a cross
• Zig-zag mouldings
• Apsidal east end constructions
• Durham Cathedral nave, choir and transepts
• Norwich Cathedral nave and central tower

8
   
Tewkesbury Abbey
9
Romanesque
10
Romanesque Germany
11
Romanesque
12
Romanesque
13
(No Transcript)
14
Romanesque
15
Stave church Norway, Romanesque
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
Romanesque
23
Romanesque
24
apse

A vaulted extension or projection, usually from a
choir or chapel and generally circular or
polygonal in shape.
25
Apse
26
Nave
The main body
of a church from the west end to the choir. The
nave could be divided north and south by screens.
27
Romanesque Nave
28
Abby church Cluny
29
Mont Saint Michael
30

• Traditional or Early English Gothic
• AD 1190-1300
• Pointed arches
• Clusters of small columns to form pillars
• Favorite style for Cistercian Abbeys
• Roche Abbey
• Wells Cathedral
• Salisbury Cathedral

31
The round arches of the earlier designs gave way
to the pointed arch in the nave, the windows and
the doorways. The new Gothic style is attributed
to the area surrounding Paris in France. The
abbey church of St. Denis was the first example
of the new style and was the creation of Abbot
Suger. The pointed arch not only looks better
than a round arch, but it is a much stronger
construction distributing stress more
efficiently. The walls of the church became much
thinner and the windows much bigger allowing more
light to enter. During the thirteenth century
this style of design developed into what is known
as the Geometric style. In this style, the
windows became larger with the increased use of
mullions, and the decorations became more complex
and geometric in design.

32

• Decorated Gothic
• AD 1250-1350
• Elaborate windows and vaulting
• Higher and more elegant columns
• Exeter Cathedral
• The Octagon at Ely
• In the decorated designs, the windows are
  subdivided by vertical stone bars known as
  mullions. The mullions are spaced close together
  usually rising the whole height of the window up
  to the springing line. The springing line of a
  window or arch is the line at which the arch
  shape starts from. The area above the springing
  line of the window is full of complex shapes of
  stone called tracery. With higher walls and
  larger windows, the cathedrals were now becoming
  more open to the light. The majority of Exeter
  Cathedral is built in this style.

33

• Perpendicular Gothic
• AD 1350-1550
• Fan-vaults
• Emphasis on vertical lines

Gloucester Cloisters
34
Notre Dame
Notre
35
Flying buttress
36
Notre Dame
37
Flying Buttresses
38
Notre Dame
39
Durham
40
Bath
41
Canterbury
Canterbury
42
Canterbury
43
Ely
44
Ely
45
Salisbury
46
Ely
47
(No Transcript)
48
(No Transcript)
49
(No Transcript)
50
Mount Saint Michael
51
Nave of Notre Dame
52
(No Transcript)
53
Nave at Salisbury
54
Salisbury
55
Salisbury
56
(No Transcript)
57
Chapter room
58
Gargoyle

Carved ornaments designed to carry rain water
away from the side of buildings.
59
Gargoyle Notre Dame
60
(No Transcript)
61
(No Transcript)
62
(No Transcript)
63
(No Transcript)
64
(No Transcript)
65
(No Transcript)
66
(No Transcript)
67
(No Transcript)
68
(No Transcript)
69
(No Transcript)
70
(No Transcript)