Zoetrope

1
Zoetrope 180 AD

• A zoetrope is a device that produces an illusion
  of action from a rapid succession of static
  pictures. It consists of a cylinder with slits
  cut vertically in the sides. Beneath the slits on
  the inner surface of the cylinder is a band which
  has either individual frames from a video/film or
  images from a set of sequenced drawings or
  photographs. The earliest elementary zoetrope was
  created in China around 180 AD by the prolific
  inventor Ting Huan. This was a good invention for
  the film industry as it helped create TVs,
  camera which are major part of our society today.

2
Microscope - 1200

• A microscope is an instrument for viewing objects
  that are too small to be seen by the naked or
  unaided eye. Microscopes trace their history back
  almost 1200 years with Abbas Ibn Firnas's
  corrective lenses. The science of investigating
  small objects using such an instrument is called
  microscopy. The term microscopic means minute or
  very small, not visible with the eye unless aided
  by a microscope. Microscope had a big impact on
  our society as it turned out to be a major
  invention for science which helped create better
  education for all of us and we got to know more
  about the world.

3
Spring Clock - 1430

• The earliest existing spring driven clock is the
  chamber clock given to Peter the Good, Duke of
  Burgundy, around 1430, now in the Germanisches
  Nationalmuseum. Spring power presented
  clockmakers with a new problem how to keep the
  clock movement running at a constant rate as the
  spring ran down. This clock had a major impact on
  our world because clocks like these built better
  clocks and watches which created a lot of money
  for the economy and it still does now.

4
Optical Microscope - 1590

• The optical microscope, often referred to as the
  "light microscope", is a type of microscope which
  uses visible light and a system of lenses to
  magnify images of small samples. Optical
  microscopes are the oldest and simplest of the
  microscopes. Dutch spectacle-makers Hans Janssen
  and his son Zacharias Janssen are often said to
  have invented the first compound microscope in
  1590, but this was a declaration made by
  Zacharias Janssen himself during the mid 1600s.
  It was a great invention for science as it helped
  build better inventions and it helped us out in
  education.

5
Telescopes - 1608

• Earliest known working telescopes appeared in
  1608. It was not invented by a single person
  though. A telescope is an instrument designed for
  the observation of remote objects by the
  collection of electromagnetic radiation. There
  are also Radio telescope and X-ray and gamma ray
  telescope. We have used this to learn more
  science and expand our knowledge about the
  outside world. Scientist continue to use this so
  we can gather more information about this planets
  and as well as others. There are also microscopes
  that can see bacteria etc... We now know more
  information about our world than ever before and
  we will continue to learn more. Telescope has
  been a major factor to our education.

6
Galilean Telescope - 1609

• The original design Galileo came up with in 1609
  is commonly called a Galilean telescope. It uses
  a convex objective lens and a concave eyepiece
  lens. Galilean telescopes produce upright images.
• Galileos best telescope magnified objects about
  30 times. Because of flaws in its design, such as
  the shape of the lens, the images were blurry and
  distorted. Despite these flaws, the telescope was
  still good enough for Galileo to explore the sky.
  This was a very good invention during that time
  as it became to be a huge invention and was able
  to make more and better telescopes for the future
  and helped us study more about science and the
  outer world.

7
Kaplerian Telescope - 1611

• The Keplerian Telescope, invented by Johannes
  Kepler in 1611, is an improvement on Galileo's
  design. It uses a convex lens as the eyepiece
  instead of Galileo's concave one. The advantage
  of this arrangement is the rays of light emerging
  from the eyepiece are converging. This allows for
  a much wider field of view and greater eye relief
  but the image for the viewer is inverted. A much
  improved telescope which helped built better and
  better telescopes for the future.

8
Cassegrain Telescopr - 1672

• A Cassegrain telescope is a wide-angle reflecting
  telescope with a concave mirror that receives
  light and focuses an image. A second mirror
  reflects the light through a gap in the primary
  mirror, allowing the eyepiece or camera to be
  mounted at the back end of the tube. The
  Cassegrain reflecting telescope was developed in
  1672 by the French sculptor Sieur Guillaume
  Cassegrain. This helped create other telescopes
  which are used by scientists and anybody else who
  would prefer to use it. This impacted the world
  of technologies and science a lot, it created
  other telescopes which gave us more knowledge
  about our own and other planets.

9
Camera - 1685

• The first camera that was small and portable
  enough to be practical for photography was built
  by John Strognofe in 1685. A camera is a device
  that records images, either as a still photograph
  or as moving images known as videos or movies.
  Digital cameras are mostly used nowadays, instead
  of film. If it wasnt for Camera, then we cant
  use Television, it is used to capture images and
  display them. People also use it to create art,
  so it has made a huge impact on our world.

10
Three-colour Printing - 1710

• In 1710, three-colour printing is invented by
  German engraver Jakob Christoph Le Blon
  (1667-1741). Color printing is the reproduction
  of an image or text in color. Its used in a lot
  of places and has made a huge impact on the
  world. We can now have colour thing printed, such
  as images. Its used in a lot of places like
  business, school, and for home. It has given a
  boost to our education, so kids and adults can
  learn with colour pictures, things like art and
  studying the human body.

11
Tuning Fork - 1711

• In 1711, Tuning fork is invented by John Shore.
  It resonates at a specific constant pitch when
  set vibrating by striking it against a surface or
  with an object. They are commonly used to tune
  musical instruments but can also be used to check
  vibration sense as part of the examination of the
  peripheral nervous system.

12
Lithography - 1798

• In 1798, Lithography is invented by Alois
  Senefelder. Lithography is a method for printing
  using a plate or stone with a completely smooth
  surface. Its used to print books, maps and
  poster. Its impact has been fairly huge because
  it has developed different types of printing,
  those are used for certain other things and this
  is used for certain things as well.

13
Paper-making machinery - 1803

• In 1803, Modern paper-making machinery is
  invented by two British brothers after whom the
  Foudrinier machine is named. Paper is thin
  material mainly used for writing upon, printing
  upon or packaging. Its used everyday in our life
  by everyone. Its used in schools, business, home
  and pretty much everyone. It has become a huge
  part of our society, but it comes at a price,
  which is cutting down the tress in order to make
  paper.

14
Galvanometer - 1829

• In 1829, Leopoldi Nobili invents the
  galvanometer. A galvanometer is a type of
  ammeter an instrument for detecting and
  measuring electric current. It is an analog
  electromechanical transducer that produces a
  rotary deflection, through a limited arc, in
  response to electric current flowing through its
  coil. The ammeter is used a lot nowadays for an
  electrician because they want to know what kind
  of current they are up against, it helps them a
  lot in safety as they are careful of not to do
  anything stupid while handling the current and
  electricity. Its used to make a lot of money
  since its still used until today and will
  continue to be used for the future.

15
Phenakistoscope - 1831

• The phenakistoscope was an early animation
  device, the predecessor of the zoetrope. It was
  invented in 1831 simultaneously by the Belgian
  Joseph Plateau and the Austrian Simon von
  Stampfer. Its a spinning disk with pictures
  drawn on them to show how animation is done. This
  made an impact in our technology because now we
  always have different kind of animations and its
  used every day in our life. It makes a lot of
  money out of it, because kids love their cartoon
  shows that come on every day and now different
  types of animation technology is used, thanks to
  the Computer.

16
Stroboscope - 1833

• In 1833, Simon Ritter von Stampfer, a Viennese
  professor, invents the Stroboscope. It is an
  instrument used to make a cyclically moving
  object appear to be slow-moving, or stationary.
  The principle is used for the study of rotating,
  reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating objects.
  Machine parts and vibrating strings are common
  examples. Stroboscopes play an important role in
  the study of stresses on machinery in motion, and
  in many other forms of research. They are also
  used as measuring instruments for determining
  cyclic speed. Its used every day in our life so
  we can further our knowledge and learn more about
  how this word works. Its contributed a lot to
  Physics which we use to make buildings and much
  more.

17
Telegraph - 1835

• Samuel Finley Breese Morse (1791-1872) was an
  American inventor and painter. Morse built the
  first American telegraph around 1835. A telegraph
  sends electrical signals over a long distance,
  through wires. In 1830, Joseph Henry (1797-1878)
  made the first long-distance telegraphic device -
  he sent an electric current for over a mile on
  wire that activated an electromagnet, causing a
  bell to ring. This was a major impact to the
  world and the technologies. It was used to help
  create the radio and the telephone because of how
  the system works through the wires. Its old
  fashioned now, but it did its part to help the
  world and the other technologies.

18
Typewriter - 1867

• The first typewriter was invented in 1867 by the
  American printer and Editor Christopher Latham
  Sholes (Feb. 14, 1819 - Feb. 17, 1890). It was a
  pretty big invention at that time until printers
  came in. Its still used because some people like
  the old fashioned things.

19
Quadruplex Telegraph - 1874

• Quadruplex Telegraph - In 1874, Thomas Edison
  invented the first Quadruplex telegraph, which
  was capable of sending two messages
  simultaneously in each direction. To send two
  signals in a single direction at the same time,
  the quadruplex telegraph used one signal to
  control the polarity of the line, i.e., the
  direction of current flow imposed upon the wire.
  The other signal was used to vary the absolute
  strength or voltage of the signal. This has been
  very helpful to the military and to the world as
  it helped create telephones which turned out to
  be one of the best inventions of the world.

20
Wax stencil mimeograph duplicator - 1875

• In 1875, Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) invents
  the wax stencil mimeograph duplicator. It is a
  low-cost printing press that works by forcing ink
  through a stencil onto paper. It was used later
  on to help create a better printer which we can
  easily use to do whole lot of printing, such as
  printing newspaper, advertisement, or any other
  type of paper needed to be printed. Its used in
  school, business and everywhere around the world.

21
Telephone - 1876

• Alexander Graham Bell of Scotland, Great Britain
  invented the telephone. He invented the telephone
  in 1876. Its a telecommunications device that is
  used to transmit and receive sound. Nowadays,
  people use different types of Phone, like new
  developed digital phones and cell phones.

22
Praxinoscope - 1877

• The praxinoscope was an animation device, the
  successor to the zoetrope. It was invented in
  France in 1877 by Charles-Émile Reynaud. Like the
  zoetrope, it used a strip of pictures placed
  around the inner surface of a spinning cylinder.
  Someone looking in the mirrors would therefore
  see a rapid succession of images producing the
  illusion of motion, with a brighter and less
  distorted picture than the zoetrope offered. This
  was a great invention as it showed good
  animations during that time, which later
  developed to better and better animations and now
  there are a lot of cartoon shows which create a
  lot of money because kids like to buy toys and
  having cartoon/animations, the industry made tons
  of cash which was good for the society.

23
Lamp - 1879

• After many experiments with platinum and other
  metal filaments, Edison returned to a carbon
  filament. The first successful test was on
  October 22, 1879, and lasted 40 hours. Edison
  continued to improve this design and by November
  4, 1879, filed for U.S. patent 223,898 (granted
  on January 27, 1880) for an electric lamp using a
  carbon filament or strip coiled and connected to
  platina contact wires. It is designed to produce
  light and electricity. Filament lamps have long
  been used as fast acting thermistors in
  electronic circuits. Popular uses have included
  Stabilisation of sine wave oscillators,
  Protection of tweeters, and Automatic volume
  control in telephones. Lamps are used often
  nowadays and its getting popular. Most of the
  people have lamps in their home so they can have
  light.

24
Cash Register - 1879

• The mechanical cash register was invented (and
  patented) in 1879 by James Ritty (1836-1918).
  Ritty was an American tavern keeper in Dayton,
  Ohio. He nicknamed his cash register the
  "Incorruptible Cashier," and started the National
  Manufacturing Company to sell them. This is a
  major part of the business as it is used to store
  cash in it. Thanks to this, it has become
  organized way of selling items and its used in
  pretty much in every store because it turned out
  to be such a great invention.

25
Zoopraxiscope - 1879

• It is an early device for displaying motion
  pictures. Created by photographic pioneer
  Eadweard Muybridge in 1879, it may be considered
  the first movie projector. The zoopraxiscope
  projected images from rotating glass disks in
  rapid succession to give the impression of
  motion. It was a great invention back then as it
  helped out the industry a lot and it was very
  beneficial for the society. Film industry is a
  huge part of our society because it makes tons of
  money for the actors, actress, directors etc...
  It also makes money for the community because
  people like us pay to see the movies and it keeps
  the cycle going and hopefully we wont end up in
  a great depression and keep this cycle going.

26
Gyrocompass - 1885

• A gyrocompass is similar to a gyroscope. It is a
  compass that finds true north by using an
  (electrically powered) fast-spinning wheel and
  friction forces in order to exploit the rotation
  of the Earth. Gyrocompasses are widely used on
  ships. They have two main advantages over
  magnetic compasses
• they find true north, i.e., the direction of
  Earth's rotational axis, as opposed to magnetic
  north,
• they are far less susceptible to external
  magnetic fields, e.g. those created by ferrous
  metal in a ship's hull. The gyrocompass was
  patented in 1885 by the Dutch Marinus Gerardus
  van den Bos. A compass is used a lot during these
  days when people go out to explore and can also
  be used to save a life by giving you the
  direction to your house. Although better and more
  accurate compass are created nowadays but this
  invention helped create it.

27
Electrotachpscope - 1887

• The electrotachyscope is an 1887 invention of
  Ottomar Anschütz of Germany which presents the
  illusion of motion with transparent serial
  photographs, chronophotographs, arranged on a
  spinning wheel of fortune or mandala-like glass
  disc, significant as a technological development
  in the history of cinema. It was first publicly
  demonstrated at the Chicago World's Fair of 1893.
  It was a major invention for the film industry as
  these little invention helped create better
  inventions for the future.

28
Kinetoscope - 1888

• The Kinetoscope is an early motion picture
  exhibition device. Though not a movie
  projectorit was designed for films to be viewed
  individually through the window of a cabinet
  housing its componentsthe Kinetoscope introduced
  the basic approach that would become the standard
  for all cinematic projection before the advent of
  video. First described in conceptual terms by
  U.S. inventor Thomas Edison in 1888, it was
  largely developed by his employee William Kennedy
  Laurie Dickson between 1889 and 1892. This helped
  create better motion picture which became a huge
  part of our society and will continue to be a
  huge part of our society.

29
Cinematography- 1890

• The cinematograph is a film camera, which also
  serves as a film projector and developer. It was
  invented in the 1890s. Lumiere Brothers invent a
  portable motion-picture camera, film processing
  unit and projector called the Cinematographe.
  Lumiere Brothers using their Cinematographe are
  the first to present a projected motion picture
  to an audience of more than one person. This was
  a major invention because it impacted the society
  a lot and made tons of cash. People also got to
  show their talents they had.

30
Eidoloscope - 1894

• The Eidoloscope was an early motion picture
  system created by Woodville Latham and his two
  sons through their business, the Lambda Company,
  in New York City in 1894 and 1895. Originally
  called the Panoptikon, it is perhaps the first
  widescreen film format, with an aspect ratio of
  1.85. It had a film gauge of 51 mm and an
  aperture of 37 mm by 20 mm. This helped create
  better picture system and gave us better
  entertainment.

31
Vitascope - 1895

• Vitascope is an early film projector first
  demonstrated in 1895 by Charles Francis Jenkins
  and Thomas Armat. This prototype of modern film
  projectors cast images onto a wall or screen for
  a moderately large audience. This invention
  helped create better projectors, films and camera
  which later on helped out the society a lot and
  it was great for people who also wanted
  entertainment.

32
Magnetic Storage - 1898

• In December 9 1898, Valdemar Poulsen invented
  magnetic storage and magnetic recordings are
  terms from engineering referring to the storage
  of data on a magnetized medium. As of 2008,
  common uses of magnetic storage media are for
  computer data mass storage on hard disks and the
  recording of analog audio and video works on
  analog tape. Digital tape and tape libraries are
  popular for the high capacity data storage of
  archives and backups. This invention has helped
  improve our computer a lot with the data. Our
  computer continues to grow and become faster.
  Magentic Storage and Magnetic Recording helped
  out our computer to make it faster.

33
Transistor - 1925

• The first patent for the field-effect transistor
  principle was filed in Canada by
  Austrian-Hungarian physicist Julius Edgar
  Lilienfeld on October 22, 1925. A Transistor is a
  semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or
  switch electronic signals. Usage for a Transistor
  is bipolar junction transistor and MOSFETs. BJT
  was used often in the early days and its used
  even after MOSFETs came out. This helped out
  science a lot as it used for electronic purposes
  and helped the scientists develop better
  technology.

34
Electron Microscope - 1931

• An electron microscope is a type of microscope
  that uses a particle beam of electrons to
  illuminate a specimen and create a
  highly-magnified image. Electron microscopes have
  much greater resolving power than light
  microscopes that use electromagnetic radiation
  and can obtain much higher magnifications of up
  to 2 million times. The first electron microscope
  prototype was built in 1931 by the German
  engineers Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll. This was
  huge for the world of science as it helped us
  know better about atoms and we were able to look
  deeper into science so we can create more and
  better inventions for our lifestyle.

35
Ballpoint pen - 1935

• The first non-leaking ballpoint pen was invented
  in 1935 by the Hungarian brothers Lazlo and
  Georg Biro. Lazlo was a chemist and Georg was a
  newspaper editor. A ballpoint marker had been
  invented much earlier (in 1888 by John Loud, an
  American leather tanner, who used the device for
  marking leather) but Loud's marker leaked, making
  it impractical for everyday use. A new type of
  ink had to be developed this is what the Biro
  brothers did. The brothers patented their
  invention and then opened the first ballpoint
  manufacturing plant in Argentina, South America.
  This has made a minor impact but it has still
  made an impact because pens are used everyday in
  our lives. Thanks to this different types of pens
  were created.

36
Radio - 1940

• Radio is the transmission of signals, by
  modulation of electromagnetic waves with
  frequencies below those of visible light. It was
  built around 1920s and was able to help the
  military immediately since the war started during
  that time. Radio has become a huge part of our
  life and people use it to hear news while driving
  their cars and possibly in their work. It has
  become a huge part of the business area as well
  people use it to advertise so people become more
  aware of the products. Its also used in the
  military so they can communicate with each other.
  Radio will continue to impact our society.

37
X-Ray Microscope - 1940

• An X-ray microscope uses electromagnetic
  radiation in the soft X-ray band to produce
  images of very small objects. Sir Lawrence Bragg
  produced some of the first usable X-ray images
  with his apparatus in the late 1940's. Unlike
  visible light, X-rays do not reflect or refract
  easily, and they are invisible to the human eye.
  Therefore the basic process of an X-ray
  microscope is to expose film or use a
  charge-coupled device detector to detect X-rays
  that pass through the specimen. This has been a
  very useful inventions as we can use X-rays to
  looks through things, such as atoms, how they are
  structurally built or any item. This invention
  will continue to do impact on our society as we
  can build a better society for all of us.

38
Liquid Paper - 1951

• Liquid Paper is a quick-drying, paper-colored
  (white) liquid that is painted onto paper to
  correct printed material. Liquid Paper was
  invented in 1951 by Bessie Nesmith (1922-1980).
  It made an impact to our world as we now use it a
  lot for printing. We have more and better
  printing press then ever before.

39
Catadioptric Telescope - 1960

• A catadioptric optical system is one where lenses
  and curved mirrors are used to form the
  Image-forming optical system. Catadioptric
  systems are commonly used in telescopes and in
  lightweight, long focal length lenses for
  cameras. Ever since this type of telescope was
  introduced by Celestron in the 1960s. Now many
  companies mass-produce this type of telescope, at
  prices that make them quite affordable for many
  amateurs. This was a major invention as it is
  used today by companies so they can sell it
  because a lot of scientists want to use this
  telescope to study the world and educate the rest
  of the world.

40
Pulsed Ruby Laser 1960

• Pulsed ruby laser (Light Amplification by
  Stimulated Emission of Radiation), invented by Dr
  Charles H Townes in 1960, and is demonstrated by
  its maker Theodore H Maiman (1927- ) at Hughes
  Aircraft Company Research Laboratories, Malibu,
  California. It is the first practical laser of
  any kind. Is a solid-state laser that uses a
  synthetic ruby crystal as its gain medium.

41
Fluorescence Microscope

• A fluorescence microscope is a light microscope
  used to study properties of organic or inorganic
  substances using the phenomena of fluorescence
  and phosphorescence instead of, or in addition
  to, reflection and absorption. This was a major
  invention as the scientists were able to look
  deeper and better for the science. The scientists
  have been able to do more and accurate
  experiments to build new things which will help
  us out in the future.

42
Radio Telescope

• A radio telescope is a metal dish that gathers
  radio waves from space. Radio astronomy involves
  exploring space by examining radio waves from
  outer space. It became a major part to our planet
  as scientist use it every day to study our planet
  so we can have more information about it.

43
Radar

• Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves
  to identify the range, altitude, direction, or
  speed of both moving and fixed objects such as
  aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather
  formations, and terrain. Radar is used in many
  contexts, including meteorological detection of
  precipitation, measuring ocean surface waves, air
  traffic control, police detection of speeding
  traffic, and by the military. It has become a
  huge part of our society, its used every day and
  as I listed above, it gives us information about
  us and our environment. It helps the military as
  well and lets them know if there is any enemies
  and danger around them.

44
Cellophane

• Cellophane is a thin, transparent, waterproof,
  protective film that is used in many types of
  packaging. It was invented in 1908 by Jacques
  Edwin Brandenberger, a Swiss chemist. This eased
  out the packaging in the world and packaging has
  been huge as we use it everyday to ship different
  types of materials.

45
Television

• A lot of different inventions were mixed together
  in order to create colour T.V. which was built
  around 1920s. Philo Taylor Farnsworth (August
  19, 1906 March 11, 1971) was an American
  inventor. He is best known for inventing the
  first completely electronic television.
  Television is a widely used telecommunication
  medium for transmitting and receiving moving
  images. Its used around the world so people can
  know what is happening around the world. People
  use it to watch movies, shows and a lot of jobs
  and money is created thanks to the television.
  Nowadays people mostly used Plasma T.V. or LCD
  T.V.

46
Daguerreotype

• Daguerreotype is an early type of photograph,
  developed by Louis Daguerre, in which the image
  is exposed directly onto a mirror-polished
  surface of silver bearing a coating of silver
  halide particles deposited by iodine vapor.
  Thanks to this, we have developed better types of
  images thanks to new digital camera and this had
  an impact to create that technology. It was used
  for art but now this has created digital cameras
  which are used to capture memories.

47
Loudspeaker

• In 1877, In Germany, E W Siemens invents the
  moving coil loudspeaker. A loudspeaker, speaker
  is an electro acoustical transducer that converts
  an electrical signal to sound. Thanks to this
  invention, many other loudspeakers are better and
  louder than ever before. We use these types of
  loudspeakers for movies as well as home. Its
  also used in Cinemas which is used to generate a
  lot of revenue for this world.

48
Celluloid

• Celluloid is invented by Alexander Parkes
  (1813-90) at Birmingham, England. Celluloid is
  the name of a class of compounds created from
  nitrocellulose and camphor, plus dyes and other
  agents. Celluloid is highly flammable and also
  easily decomposes, and is no longer widely used.
  Its most common uses today are the table tennis
  ball and guitar picks. It did have an impact even
  though its no longer used, but its used for
  other things which we use every day.

49
Polarizers

• Edwin Herbert Land (1909-1991) was an American
  physicist and inventor who developed the first
  modern light polarizers (which eliminate glare)
  and other optical devices, investigated the
  mechanisms of color perception, and developed the
  instant photography process (the Polaroid
  camera). It helped out the film industry as it
  used to help create better optical devices.

50
Refracting Telescope

• A refracting or refractor telescope is a dioptric
  telescope that uses a lens as its objective to
  form an image. The refracting telescope design
  was originally used in spy glasses and
  astronomical telescopes but is also used in other
  devices such as binoculars and long or telephoto
  camera lenses. Refractors were the earliest type
  of optical telescope. The first practical
  refracting telescopes appeared in the Netherlands
  in about 1608, and were credited to three
  individuals, Hans Lippershey and Zacharias
  Janssen, spectacle-makers in Middelburg, and
  Jacob Metius of Alkmaar also known as Jacob
  Adriaanszoon. This was one of the earliest scope
  which had an impact and affected all the other
  telescope that were made after and helped us out
  in the education category as now we now more then
  ever.