WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY INDIAN

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WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY INDIAN
EU APPROACHES

• MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES (HW) IN INDIA
• 12 NOVEMBER 2005
• HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES MANAGEMENT DIVISION
• MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT FORESTS

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MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

• AS PER AVAILABLE DATA, 4.4 MILLION TONNES OF
  HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATED ANNUALLY BY 13011 UNITS
  IN 373 DISTRICTS IN THE COUNTRY .
• STATES OF MAHARASHTRA, GUJARAT AND TAMIL NADU
  ACCOUNT FOR OVER 63 OF TOTAL HAZARDOUS WASTE
  GENERATED.

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• DOMESTIC LEGISLATION FOR HANDLING AND DISPOSAL OF
  HAZARDOUS WASTES NOTIFIED IN INDIA WAY BACK IN
  1989, WHEN INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ADOPTED THE
  BASAL CONVENTION.

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ACTS GOVERNING INDUSTRIES HANDLING HAZARDOUS
WASTES

• THE WATER (PREVENTION CONTROL OF POLLUTION)
  ACT, 1974 AND AMENDMENTS THEREUNDER.
• THE AIR POLLUTION (PREVENTION CONTROL OF
  POLLUTION) ACT, 1981 AND AMENDMENTS THEREUNDER.
• THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986.

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LEGAL INSTRUMENT FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES MANAGEMENT

• HAZARDOUS WASTES (MANAGEMENT HANDLING) RULES,
  1989, AS AMENDED IN 2000 2003, NOTIFIED UNDER
  THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986

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HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES1989/2003

• OBJECTIVE TO PUT IN PLACE AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM
  TO REGULATE THE GENERATION, COLLECTION, STORAGE,
  TRANSPORT, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS
  WASTES BOTH INDIGENOUSLY GENERATED AND IMPORTED.

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HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES1989/2003

• SALIENT FEATURES
• A COMPREHENSIVE DEFINITION FOR HW PROVIDED BASED
  ON THE PROCESSES GENERATING HW (SCHEDULE 1) AND
  THRESHOLD LIMITS (SCHEDULE 2)
• SCHEDULE 3 - LIST OF HWs REGULATING IMPORT AND
  EXPORT PROVIDED IN HARMONY WITH ANNEXE-VIII AND
  ANNEXE-IX OF BASAL CONVENTION AND EXIM POLICY.
• COLOUR CODED MANIFEST SYSTEM FOR TRACKING OF HW.

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HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES1989/2003 (Contd.)

• SALIENT FEATURES (contd.)
• PROHIBITION ON 29 CATEGORIES OF HWs FOR
  IMPORT/EXPORT.
• REGISTRATION WITH CPCB MANDATORY FOR RECYCLERS
  OF IDENTIFIED HAZARDOUS WASTES.
• MANDATORY DISPOSAL OF HWS IN COMMON TSDFs BY
  UNITS NOT HAVING ON SITE FACILITY.
• STATE GOVERNMENTS/OPERATOR OF FACILITY/ASSOCIATION
  OF OCCUPIERS RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF
  SITES FOR SETTING UP COMMON TSDFs.

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HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES1989/2003 (contd.)

• SALIENT FEATURES (contd.)
• ALL HW GENERATORS TO OBTAIN AUTHORISATION FROM
  SPCBs
• IMPORT OF HW FOR DUMPING / DISPOSAL PROHIBITED.
• IMPORT OF HW FOR RECYCLING / REPROCESSING
  REGULATED BY MOEF
• STATE GOVERNMENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFYING AND
  NOTIFYING WASTE DISPOSAL SITES.

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WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES

• COMMON TREATMENT STORAGE
• DISPOSAL FACILITIES (TSDF)
• MANY LARGE SCALE UNITS HAVING ON-SITE FACILITIES
  FOR DISPOSAL OF HWs.
• COMMON TSDF ENVISAGED FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM
  ENTERPRISES (SMEs).
• FOCUS ON SETTING UP INTEGRATED COMMON TSDFs
  DURING THE 10TH FIVE YEAR PLAN.

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WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES(contd.)

• TREATMENT STORAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES
• (TSDF)
• TSDFs SET UP UNDER PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
  INVOLVING GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTOR AND
  INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION.
• CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF RS. 20
  MILLION PER TSDF AVAILABLE, PROVIDED AN EQUAL
  GRANT AVAILABLE FROM THE STATE GOVERNMENT

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MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

• TSDFs SET UP SO FAR WITH ASSISTANCE FROM CENTRAL
  GOVERNMENT IN
• TRANS THANE CREEK MAHARASHTRA
• RANGAREDDY DISTRICT ANDHRA PRADESH
• ANKALESHWAR GUJARAT
• SURAT GUJARAT
• MORE FACILITIES PROPOSED TO BE SET UP IN THE
  STATES OF WEST BENGAL, MAHARASHTRA, KARNATAKA,
  TAMIL NADU, HARYANA AND PUNJAB.

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ENACTMENTS TO DEAL WITH OTHER HAZARDOUS WASTES

• BIOMEDICAL WASTES (MANAGEMENT HANDLING) RULES,
  1998.
• BATTERIES (MANAGEMENT HANDLING) RULES, 2001

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BIOMEDICAL WASTES (M H) RULES, 1998/2003

• THE BIOMEDICAL WASTES (MH) RULES
• HOSPITALS CATERING TO MORE THAN 1000 PATIENTS PER
  MONTH - TO OBTAIN AUTHORIZATION FROM SPCB/PCCS.
• BIOMEDICAL WASTES CLASSIFIED INTO 10 CATEGORIES
• COLOUR CODING AND CONTAINERS PRESCRIBED FOR
  DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF WASTES.
• TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OPTIONS PROVIDED FOR
  DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF WASTES.

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BATTERIES (MANAGEMENT HANDLING) RULES 2001

• THE RULES PROVIDE FOR TRACKING AND CHANNELIZATION
  OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES TO ENSURE THAT USED
  BATTERIES ARE COLLECTED AND RECYCLED IN AN
  ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND MANNER.

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MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

• IN THE PAST DECADE AND HALF, INDIA HAS TAKEN
  SPECIFIC ACTIONS FOR MANAGEMENT OF WASTES, FIXED
  INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES, ENHANCED
  RESOURCES FOR WASTE DISPOSAL AND LAID DOWN
  STANDARDS FOR TREATING EFFLUENTS
• HARMONIZATION OF IMPORT/EXPORT POLICY FOR
  HAZARDOUS WASTES UNDERTAKEN IN LINE WITH THE
  PRINCIPLES OF BASAL CONVENTION.

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MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES (Contd.)

• SYNCHONIZATION OF DOMESTIC FOREIGN TRADE AND
  CUSTOMS LEGISLATIONS WITH HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES
  AS WELL AS CAPACITY BUILDING AT MAJOR PORTS AND
  CUSTOM LABORATORIES TO PREVENT ILLEGAL IMPORT AND
  DUMPING OF HAZARDOUS WASTES ALSO UNDERTAKEN.
• SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES WITH REGARD TO TECHNOLOGY
  UPGRADATION STILL EXIST. OF PARTICULAR CONCERN IS
  THE RESOURCE CONSTRAINT FACED BY SMALL AND MEDIUM
  SCALE UNITS WITH REGARD TO WASTE MINIMIZATION AS
  WELL AS TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES.

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INDIAS STATUS WITH RESPECT TO THE BASEL
CONVENTION

• SIGNED BASEL CONVENTION IN MARCH 1990
• RATIFIED IN JUNE 1992
• MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT FORESTS - NODAL
  MINISTRY IN GOI
• COMPETENT AUTHORITY - SECRETARY, MoEF
• NOT RATIFIED BAN AMENDMENT.

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THANK YOU