Remote AC Power Control by Android Application with LCD Display

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Introduction

• The project is designed to control AC power to a
  load by using firing angle control of thyristor.
  Efficiency of such power control is very high
  compared to any other method. Remote operation is
  achieved by any smart-phone/Tablet etc., with
  Android OS, upon a GUI (Graphical User Interface)
  based touch screen operation. The project uses
  zero crossing point of the waveform which is
  detected by a comparator whose output is then fed
  to the microcontroller.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Block Diagram
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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Hardware Requirements

• 8051 series Microcontroller
• LM358
• Opto isolators
• SCRs
• Push Button
• Transformer
• Diodes
• Voltage Regulator
• Resistors
• Capacitors
• Crystal
• Lamp
• Bluetooth Device

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Software Requirements

• Keil compiler Languages
• Embedded C or Assembly
• Android Application.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Embedded Systems

• A combination of hardware and software which
  together form a component of a larger machine.
• An example of an embedded system is a
  microprocessor that controls an automobile
  engine.
• An embedded system is designed to run on its own
  without human intervention, and may be required
  to respond to events in real time.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Embedded Systems
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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Micro Controller

• Compatible with MCS- 51 Products
• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash
  Memory
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• Crystal Frequency 11.0592MHZ
• Three-level Program Memory Lock
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Micro Controller

• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
• Eight Interrupt Sources
• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
• Watchdog Timer

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• Most common LCDs connected to the
  microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays.
• This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and
  20 characters per line by 2 lines, respectively.
  
• The standard is referred to as HD44780U
• It refers to the controller chip which receives
  data from an external source (and communicates
  directly with the LCD.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
AT89S52

• AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS
  8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system
  programmable Flash memory.
• The device is manufactured using Atmels
  high-density nonvolatile memory technology.
• It is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51
  instruction set and pinout.
• The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be
  reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional
  nonvolatile memory programmer.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
PIN Diagram Of AT89S52
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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
MOC3021 ( OPTO COUPLER )

• Opto-couplers are made up of a LED and a light
  sensitive device, all wrapped up in one package.
• No electrical connection between the two devices.
• The light sensitive device may be a photodiode,
  phototransistor, or more esoteric devices such as
  thyristors, triacs etc.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Pin Description of MOC3021
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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
LM 358 (OPAMP)

• Internally frequency compensated for unity gain.
• Large dc voltage gain 100 Db.
• Wide bandwidth (unity gain) 1 MHz (temperature
  compensated)
• Wide power supply range
• Single supply 3V to 32V
• or dual supplies 1.5V to 16V

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
LM 358 (OPAMP)

• Very low supply current drain (500
  µA)-essentially independent of supply
  voltage.
• Low input offset voltage 2 mV
• Input common-mode voltage range includes ground.
• Differential input voltage range equal to the
  power supply voltage.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
LM 358 Pin Diagram
1- Output 1 2- Inverting input 3- Non-inverting
input 4- VCC 5- Non-inverting input 2 6-
Inverting input 2 7- Output 2 8- VCC
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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Thyristor

• A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device
  with four layers of alternating N and P-type
  material.
• It acts exclusively as a bistable switch,
  conducting when the gate receives a current
  trigger.
• Continuing to conduct while the voltage across
• the device is not reversed
  (forward-biased).

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Thyristor
Modes of Operation

• In the normal "off" state, the device restricts
  current to the leakage current.
• When the gate-to-cathode voltage exceeds a
  certain threshold the device turns "on" and
  conducts current.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
SCR

• A silicon-controlled rectifier (or
  semiconductor-controlled rectifier) is a
  four-layer solid state device that controls
  current.
• The name "silicon controlled rectifier" or SCR
  is General Electric's trade name for a type of
  thyristor.
• An SCR consists of four layers of alternating P
  and N type semiconductor materials.
• Silicon is used as the intrinsic semiconductor,
  to which the proper dopants are added.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
SCR

• The doping of PNPN will depend on the application
  of SCR, since its characteristics are similar to
  those of the thyratron.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
What is Android?

• Android is an open-source operating system which
  means that any manufacturer can use it in their
  phones free of charge.
• It was built to be truly open.
• For example, an application can call upon any of
  the phones core functionality such as making
  calls, sending text messages, or using the camera.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Android

• Android is built on the open Linux Kernel.
• Furthermore, it utilizes a custom virtual machine
  that was designed to optimize memory and hardware
  resources in a mobile environment.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
LED Android

• Android is open source and Google releases the
  code under the Apache License.
• This open-source code and permissive licensing
  allows the software to be freely modified and
  distributed by device manufacturers, wireless
  carriers and enthusiast developers.
• Additionally, Android has a large community of
  developers writing applications ("apps") that
  extend the functionality of devices, written
  primarily in a customized version of the Java
  programming language.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
AC Controller

• MOC3051 can control the signal voltage
  transmitting from the mocirocontroller to the
  TRIAC which isolates the AC and DC supply.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Working Principle

• To control AC power to a load by using firing
  angle control of thyristor.
• Efficiency of such power control is very high
  compared to any other method.
• Remote operation is achieved by any smart
  Interface) based touch screen operation.
• Comparator whose output is then fed to the
  microcontroller.
• The triggering control to a pair of SCRs through
  opto isolator interface.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Working Principle

• Finally the power is applied to the load through
  the SCRs in series.
• This project uses a microcontroller from 8051
  family which is interfaced through a Bluetooth
  device
• It receives signal from Android application de
  load.
• A lamp is used in place of an induction motor
  whose varying intensity demonstrates the varying
  power to the motor.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Working Principle

• The varying power results in variation in speed
  of the motor.
• The project can be further enhanced by using
  direct 230 volt supply instead of 12 volt AC to
  the bridge rectifier for achieving higher voltage
  control for charging number of batteries in
  series.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Applications

• Low energy consumption.
• High thermal insulation.
• Superior performance.
• Long functional life.

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Remote AC Power Control by Android Application
with LCD Display
Conclusion

• We have been discussing about project uses a
  microcontroller from 8051 family which is
  interfaced through a Bluetooth device, which
  receives signal from Android application device
  for increasing or decreasing the AC power to the
  load with LCD display. A lamp is used in place of
  an induction motor whose varying intensity
  demonstrates the varying power to the motor. 

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