Integrating Preventive Maintenance Into Pavement Management Systems

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Integrating Preventive Maintenance Into Pavement
Management Systems

• Katie Zimmerman, P.E.
• David Peshkin, P.E.
• Applied Pavement Technology, Inc. (APTech)
• www.pavementsolutions.com

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Setting the Stage

• Pavement Preservation
• all activities undertaken to provide and
  maintain serviceable roadways this includes
  corrective maintenance and preventive maintenance
  as well as minor rehabilitation projects

(FHWA)
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Traditional Approaches to Preservation

• Highest priority is given to corrective
  activities to address safety needs
• Treatments are triggered when a pavement section
  falls below an acceptable level
• Funding for routine maintenance is typically
  unreliable, so treatment application cycles vary

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Typical Pavement Cycle
Routine Maintenance Applied Over Time
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More Recent Trends

• Integrate preventive maintenance into planning
  and design activities
• Reduce the life cycle cost of preserving a
  pavement through the use of preventive
  maintenance
• Keep good roads in good condition
• Planned, early application of preventive
  maintenance treatments

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Modified Pavement Cycle
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Challenges to the Use of Preventive Maintenance

• Agencies find it difficult to address roads in
  good condition when they have a large backlog
• Agencies havent set a goal for what they want to
  accomplish with their preventive maintenance
  program
• The funding isnt dedicated to the program

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Factors Influencing Integration

• Maintenance and rehabilitation are often
  programmed by different groups within the highway
  agency
• Maintenance activities are frequently not
  reported in accordance with a referencing system
  used by pavement management
• The same maintenance treatment can be used as a
  preventive, corrective, or stop-gap treatment

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How Do We Integrate These Programs?

• Pavement Condition Surveys
• Are surveys collecting the information needed?
• Pavement Condition Indexes
• Do they provide guidance regarding the
  appropriate treatment?
• Pavement Performance Models
• Is the performance of treatments reflected?
• Treatment Rules
• Are preventive maintenance treatments recommended?

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Condition Surveys and Indexes

• Type of Index
• Composite versus individual indexes
• Survey Procedures
• In some cases, survey procedures work against a
  preventive maintenance program
• South Dakota patching example

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SDDOT Survey Procedures

• Rate each 0.250-mile section of road
• Identify distress type, severity, and extent
• Distress reported on flexible pavements
• Transverse cracking
• Fatigue cracking
• Patching
• Block cracking
• Also report rutting and roughness
• Use a 0 to 5 rating scale

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Rating Procedures
0.250-mile
Rate patch condition and rate distress showing
through the patch
Only distress are rated (not patch)
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Impact on Condition Indexes
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Impact on Condition Indexes
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Pavement Performance Models

• Must know the date the treatment is performed
• Difficult to account for differences in pavement
  performance based on differences in treatment use
  (preventive vs. stop-gap)

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Treatment Rules

• Determine when each treatment is feasible
• Define the reset rules that apply after the
  treatment has been selected for a section
• Do all indexes return to a perfect score?
• What performance model is used?
• Check reasonableness of rule using historical data

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Verifying Treatment Rules
Block Cracking
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Verifying Treatment Rules
Fatigue Cracking
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Demonstrating Benefits

• North Carolina DOT Example
• Recent legislation supported preventive
  maintenance efforts
• Allowed the use of accumulated funds in the
  Highway Trust Fund (470M)
• Funds used to jumpstart the pavement
  preservation efforts
• The DOT added additional funds
• Used pavement management to demonstrate benefits

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NCDOT Simulation

• 1000-mile network
• Distribution of network conditions based on
  actual conditions
• Evaluated a worst first strategy
• 50 miles of roads in poor condition resurfaced
• Evaluated a pavement preservation strategy
  (PavePres)
• 100 miles of roads in fair condition addressed
  first before roads in poor condition

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NCDOT Simulation Results
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Conclusion

• There are technical issues that have to be
  addressed to successfully integrate preventive
  maintenance treatments into a pavement management
  system
• Even after the technical issues are addressed,
  there are still institutional issues that have to
  be addressed