Protists

1
Protists

• What is a protist?
• Protist Diversity
• Diseases Caused by protists

2
Protists Have Complex Cells

• Eukaryotic-with a nuclear membrane
• Membrane bound organelles
• Single-celled and multicellular algae

3
Movement

• Flagellum- whip-like tail
• Euglena, Dinoflagellates
• Cilia-hair-like projections that work like oars
  in water
• Paramecium
• Pseudopods (false foot)
• Amoeba

4
Amoeba
5
Paramecium
6
Paramecium
7
Diatoms
8
Diatoms
9
Dinoflagellate red tide
10
Euglena
11
Algae
12
Spirogyra
13
Stentor
14
Vorticella
15
Volvox colony protists
16
Respond to the environment

• Detect light, touch, and chemical changes in
  their environment.
• Eyespots and other organelles detect these changes

17
Reproduction

• Because eukaryotes have numerous chromosomes,
• Meiosis (gametes form)
• Mitosis (conjugation-joining gametes)

18
Evolutionary Lines

• Prokaryotes
• Heterotrophic bacteria mitochondria
• Autotrophic bacteria chloroplasts

• Eukaryotes
• Plants evolve from autotrophic protists
• Animals and fungi have evolved from heterotrophic
  protists

19
Autotrophic Protists

• Microscopic Diatoms, phytoplankton, zooplankton
• Brown, Green, Red algae are multi-cellular (sea
  weeds)

20
Heterotrophic Protists

• Consumers
• Slime molds, water molds
• Amoeba, Paramecium, Stentor (animal-like)
• Trichonympha in termite guts
• Plasmodium causes malaria

21
Diseases

• Anopheles (mosquitoes) bite infected animal.
• Spores form in mosquito gut.
• Spores are injected into host and reproduce in
  blood cells.
• Asexual spores infect liver and burst out of cells

22
Diseases Caused by Protists
Disease Host Organism
Amoebic dysentary Humans Entamoeba
Malaria Toxoplamosis Humans Cats/humans Plasmodium Toxoplasma
Giardiasis Sleeping Sickness Leishmaniasis Humans Tsetse flies Sand flies Giardia Trypanosoma Leishmania
Late blight Potatoes Phytophthora