A1257787156NhPLJ - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: A1257787156NhPLJ


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The People-Plant Connection
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The People-Plant Connection

• Plants and gardening can be part of all programs
  that strive to improve the quality of life.
• Plants provide appealing, adaptable ways to
  transform the environment that we live and work
  in.

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The People-Plant Connection

• Horticulture and gardening is a popular leisure
  activity that offers opportunities for
  socialization.
• Is an enjoyable experience that renews enthusiasm
  for living.

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The People-Plant Connection

• A developed Horticultural Therapy program
  provides the tools for
• increased physical activity
• increased social activity
• increased cognitive functioning
• increased relatedness to the Natural
• world

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Benefits

• Exercises the eyes through visual scanning,
  seeing near far, and improves seeing spatial
  relationships
• Provides practice in eye hand coordination

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Benefits

• Exercises the eyes through visual scanning,
  seeing near far, and improves seeing spatial
  relationships
• Provides practice in eye hand coordination

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Benefits

• Learn to see differences in size, color, shapes
  textures
• Exercises hands, fingers, arms, and upper body
• Fosters involvement in physical activity when
  nothing else will

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Benefits

• Pleasure is derived from our senses
• seeing smelling, feeling and tasting
• Motivates us to use adaptive equipment as it is
  needed

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Benefits

• Provides pleasurable physical activity to those
  with physical disabilities or sensory impairments
  who may wish to enjoy gardening

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Benefits
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Intellectual Benefits

• Teaches new skills techniques in horticulture
• Increases interest
• Stimulates understanding of abstract concepts
• Time, growth, change death

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Intellectual Benefits

• Increases awareness of the living world
• Exercises our minds in terms of memory logic

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Intellectual Benefits

• Promotes a can-do attitude
• Leads toward anticipation of future events
• Lifts the spirit of those who have lost a sense
  of purpose or hope and provides an element of
  control

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Intellectual Benefits

• Gives us practice in following directions
• Improves attention span
• Learn about needs for life
• Requirements, interdependence, energy,
• Diversity, population, species

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Affective Benefits

• Increases self-esteem and self-confidence
• Satisfies our need to be nurturing and caring

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The People-Plant Connection

• Horticultural therapy activities enrich and
  expand lifes experiences.
• Horticulture activities can facilitate clinical
  goals
• While adding to the individual's capacity for
  enjoyment.

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The People-Plant Connection

• Research has shows that involvement in
  therapeutic horticulture programs maintains or
  improves life satisfaction or the quality of life
  of participants.
• Kansas State University
• Rusk Institute
• Calvary Hospital
• Palliative Care Institute

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Goals

• To create an environment conducive to social
  interaction and increased life satisfaction.
• To foster a beneficial relationship between the
  participants and the community
• Leading to a better understanding of
  social/cultural and leisure needs of any
  particular group.

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Goals

• To provide the opportunity for engaging in a new
  or previously acquired hobby or interest adapted
  to the limitations of the participant.
• To maintain or improve the physical health of the
  participants.

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Goals

• To encourage social interaction through
  participation.
• To provide opportunities that allow for
  individual self expression.

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Affective Benefits

• Increases self-esteem and self-confidence
• Satisfies our need to be nurturing and caring

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Social Benefits
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Social Benefits

• Promotes healthy interdependence
• Increases leadership possibilities
• Promotes the sharing of fond childhood memories

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Financial Benefits

• Employment possibility
• Learn skills for full/part-time work in business
  or sheltered workshop
• Development of skills in sales and finances

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Financial Benefits

• Increased time management skills
• Opportunities to meet the public
• Budget planning

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Financial Benefits

• Low cost food/decorations/gifts
• Can be a partially self supporting program
• Horticultural Therapy grants

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The Therapist As Teacher

• The Horticultural Therapist
• Excites the participants while providing an
  active, stimulating, educational transfer
• that seeks to stimulate natural curiosity
• Wants to develop an awareness
• appreciation, and an affinity for living things.

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The Garden

• Accessible
• Relaxing
• Educational
• Inviting

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The Garden
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Getting Around the Garden

• Paths surfaces paved area must be smooth,
  level firm
• Provide good traction at all times
• Ramps must not exceed 5 grade
• Handrails may be needed
• Proper width of paths

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Getting Around

• Provide direct routes through the garden
• Paths shall have a sharp contrast at the edge
• Provide a large gathering area
• Reduce glare and heat absorption

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Getting Around
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Getting Around

• Soft surface options
• Turf
• Wood chips
• Packed soil-unacceptable
• Crushed stone-gravel
• Low cost
• Good drainage
• Requires excavation to 6

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Getting Around

• Number 9 screenings
• excellent choice for paths
• Hard surface options
• Concrete-dries out, can be colored
• Asphalt-absorbs heat
• Loose pavers
• Allow for interesting designs, warmth character

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Getting Around

• Brick- very versatile
• Wood-for decking adds a natural feel
• Recycled rubber foot paths

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Enabling Garden Structures

• Raised beds
• Customize soil height
• Contain large area of soil to increase plant
  diversity
• Less frequent watering
• Durable
• Warms up quickly in the spring
• Can raise short plants to eye level
• Should be 30 wide for reaching to back

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Raised Beds
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Affective Benefits

• Opportunities to be creative and self expressive
• Develops a sense of responsibility and
  accomplishment

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Social Benefits

• Improves social skills, self esteem, and
  confidence
• Promotes interaction by developing a common
  interest that presents challenges that can be
  shared

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Social Benefits

• Provides endless topics for discussion where
  opinions can be freely expressed
• on an equal level, as one gardener to another
• Motivates cooperation among groups

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The Garden
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Getting Around the Garden

• Paths surfaces paved area must be smooth,
  level firm
• Provide good traction at all times
• Ramps must not exceed 5 grade
• Handrails may be needed
• Proper width of paths

44
Getting Around

• Provide direct routes through the garden
• Paths shall have a sharp contrast at the edge
• Provide a large gathering area
• Reduce glare and heat absorption

45
Getting Around
46
Getting Around

• Soft surface options
• Turf
• Wood chips
• Packed soil-unacceptable
• Crushed stone-gravel
• Low cost
• Good drainage
• Requires excavation to 6

47
Getting Around

• Number 9 screenings
• excellent choice for paths
• Hard surface options
• Concrete-dries out, can be colored
• Asphalt-absorbs heat
• Loose pavers
• Allow for interesting designs, warmth character

48
Getting Around

• Brick- very versatile
• Wood-for decking adds a natural feel
• Recycled rubber foot paths

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Enabling Garden Structures

• Raised beds
• Customize soil height
• Contain large area of soil to increase plant
  diversity
• Less frequent watering
• Durable
• Warms up quickly in the spring
• Can raise short plants to eye level
• Should be 30 wide for reaching to back

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Raised Beds
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Enabling Garden Structures

• Home made containers
• Box chains on walls
• Trellis box
• Table planters

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Enabling Garden Structures

• Manufactured Containers
• Accessibility
• Durability
• Weight
• Appearance
• Cost

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Enabling Garden Structures
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Enabling Garden Structures
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Enabling Garden Structures
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Enabling Garden Structures

• Manufactured Containers
• Cedar
• Whiskey barrels
• Self-watering plastic
• Flue tiles/drain pipes

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Enabling Garden Structures

• Vertical structures
• Walls and fences
• Arbors trellises
• Vertical wall gardens

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Enabling Garden Structures
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Enabling Garden Structures
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Enabling Garden Structures
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Garden Tools

• Adapting tools
• Lightweight
• Longer handles
• Smaller blades tool heads
• Tool handles grips
• Springs in tools for assistance

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Garden Tools

• Types of tools
• Reaching aids
• Gripping aids
• Leverage aids
• Cutting aids
• Watering aids
• General garden helpers

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Garden Tools
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Garden Tools
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Adapting the Plants

• Emphasize plants with interesting color, scent,
  texture form
• Choose plants based on amount of maintenance you
  can do
• Use plants with four-season interest

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Adapting the Plants

• Use plants that attract birds, butterflies and
  other wildlife
• Include edible landscaping
• Use indigenous plants as much as possible

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Adapting the Plants
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Adapting the Plants

• Select plants that grow well in containers or
  raised beds
• Select hardy perennials
• Consider the toxicity of specific plants

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Types of Plants

• Vegetables
• Bulbs
• Annuals
• Perennials
• Ornamental grasses

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Perennials
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Perennials
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Types of Plants
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Vegetables
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Ornamental Grasses
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Types of Plants

• Vines
• Herbs
• Shrubs
• Trees
• Fruit trees
• Dwarf fruit trees

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Garden Design

• Choosing a landscape architect
• Site analysis
• Equipment
• Graph paper
• Drafting table
• Vellum-transfer paper to make blue prints

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Garden Design

• Medium hardness pencils
• Flexible curve
• French Curve
• Templates
• Compass

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Five Steps to Garden Design

• Base information size, location, sun pattern
  etc.
• Site analysis
• Checklist of wants needs (wish list)
• Concept plans
• Final design

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Garden Design

• Architects or engineers scale
• T-square
• Imagination

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Garden Care

• Watering
• Materials and requirements
• Timing
• Requirements
• Zones
• Sprinklers
• Overhead vs. leaky pipe

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Garden Care

• Weeding mulch, mulch, mulch
• Fertilizing
• required activity for healthy plants, do not over
  do it
• Granular water-soluble fertilizers
• Composting

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Garden Care

• Pruning
• good activity for gardeners, be safety conscious
• Pest disease control
• minimize chemical use, avoid accidental
  poisonings
• Use integrated pest management
• least toxic, biological, cultural and mechanical
  controls

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Garden Care

• Avoid pest prone plants
• Select plants with built in resistance
• Use proper cultural methods
• keep plants healthy
• Tolerate a few bugs blemishes
• do not run for the sprayer

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Garden Care

• Wear appropriate clothing
• Follow directions on labels
• Keep a pest management log

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Garden Care

• Fall Winter maintenance
• Plant protection
• Mark, stake, fertilize
• Pruning
• Woody perennials
• Mulching
• Mulch, hay conifer branches
• Watch for mice

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Garden Care

• Spring Summer Maintenance
• Dead head
• Pruning
• Mulching
• Removing dead materials
• Watering

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Seed Starting Trays
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Whiskey Barrels Containers
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Wood, Concrete Clay
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Gradual Curves
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Leaky Pipe Herbs
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Steps as a Container Space
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Maine
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Maine
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Monsignor Murray Garden
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Hebrew Hospital Home
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Hebrew Hospital Home
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Hebrew Hospital Home
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Calvary Hospital
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Trumpet Vine Butterfly Bush
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Contemplation
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Conceptual Paradigms

• Holistic Approach
• Looks at the whole person their needs
• Recognizes integrates multiple factors
• Developed from a broad base of information
• Integrated from a interdisciplinary frame of
  reference

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Conceptual Paradigms

• Treatment Concept
• A treatment tool to heal
• To meet needs/goals
• To strengthen or improve

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Models of HT Service

• HT Service Model
• Four Step Continuum From maximum control by
• therapist to minimum control by horticultural
  therapist
• 1. Assess
• ID problem, gather data
• 2. Treatment
• Improve functional ability
• 3. Education
• Acquire knowledge Skills
• 4. Lifestyle
• Engage participate voluntarily

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Models of HT Service

• Continuum
• HTR directed
• Equal participation between client HTRgtPatient
  directed activity gtlt
• Poor healthgtto gtoptimal health
• Prescribed activitygtdirected by HTRgt
• Horticultural Therapy yields
• mutual participation between HTR participant
• through self direction

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Models of HT Service

• Medical Model
• Health protection/promotion model
• Dr. prescribes HT treatment
• Horticultural Therapy is a treatment gtgt as a
  means to and end, is clinical
• HT prescribed, goal oriented, curative

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Human Services Models

• Long-term Care (Custodial) Model
• To maintain ones functioning. To enable
  individuals whose functional capabilities are
  chronically impaired to be maintained at the
  maximum level of health well being.
• Therapeutic Milieu Model
• Where every person interaction can be
  therapeutic. Everyone has equal impact.

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Human Services Models

• Educational Training Model
• Gain vocational skills through HT.
• Community Model
• Special Recreation, horticultural therapy leads
  to increasing leisure repertoire in the
  community.

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Human Services Models
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Diagnostic Groupings

• Cognitive Impairments-MR/DD
• Sub-average intellectual functioning IQlt70, is
  displayed during the developmental period
• Symptoms low frustration level, short attention
  span, social immaturity, unable to function
  independently, poor judgment
• Significant impairments in adaptive functioning.
• Delays in motor, language, self care
• Onset prior to age 18

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Diagnostic Groupings

• MR-DD
• Offer choice, inclusion, mainstreaming
• Age appropriate
• chronological, not mental age
• promote high success activities for low self
  esteem
• Simplify/Adapt
• Repetitive Movements

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Head Injury
• traumatic injury from a head wound
• Impaired attention span, concentration, memory,
  lower tolerance for noise, low frustration
  tolerance

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Head Injuries
• HT Utilize social skills need for
  socialization, community reintegration, build
  independence, physical development

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Learning Disabilities
• dyslexia, deficits in language development, hyper
  activity, thought process difficulty, low
  attention span, distractible, behavior problems
  in school, low self-esteem
• HT Provide choice, challenge, age appropriate
  activities which are structured for success

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Learning Disabilities
• Provide choice
• Challenge
• age appropriate activities
• structure for success

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Physical Impairments-Musculoskeletal System
• Spina Bifida defective closure of spinal canal
  causing protrusion of spinal cord. Can cause
  paralysis can have an emotional impact

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Physical Impairments-Musculoskeletal System
• HT Wheelchair activities utilize skills to
  promote independence, education, community
  re-integration exercises to strengthen muscles

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Muscular Dystrophy
• Progressive, inherited disease, gradual wasting
  of muscle tissue.
• Can lead to wheelchair use, cause socially
  impaired interactions

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Muscular Dystrophy
• HT Maintain muscle tone-promote movement,
  accomplishment, and assistive devices, promote
  creativity

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Spinal Cord Injuries The higher up the injury
  occurs, the greater damage. Includes loss of
  sensation below injury
• Cervical
• Thoracic
• Lumbar
• Sacral

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Multiple Sclerosis 20-50 years of age for onset
• Symptoms muscle spasms, loss of sensation,
  bladder control. Physical emotional changes.
• Progressive
• HT Social activities, success-oriented, Range of
  Motion

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Cerebral Palsy Neuromuscular disorder
• athetosis involuntary motor movement
• Spasticity
• speech disturbance
• poor balanceataxia
• Stiffness
• non-progressive is not degenerative

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Epilepsy seizures Grand mal, petit mal
• Convulsions, loss of consciousness
• HT
• Encourage normalization
• Reduce stress, fears stigma
• Community activities
• Increase locus of control.

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Visual legally blind 20-200
• 2-5 read Braille
• 5 completely blind, others see shadows/movement.
• HT talking books encourage other senses,
  environmental cues, movement, large print books,
  bright colors

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Aphasia
• Expressive, cannot speak
• Global aphasia cannot speak or understand

141
Diagnostic Groupings

• Hearing Loss have minimal noise, lighting is
  important, have them face you, close-up
  interactions
• HT use of other senses, emphasize lip movements
  hand gestures adaptive activities encourage
  sign language

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Stroke
• Left CVA gt Right hemi affects the right side
  affects speech, may cause aphasia
• Right hemi gt impaired emotions. Social
  interactions, poor memory, difficulty with spoken
  language written communication.
• HT use demonstration, modeling, reality
  orientation

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Right CVAgtleft hemi loss of perceptual/intellectu
  al functioning, logic, visual and spatial depth,
  difficulty in perceiving around them.
• HT use words rather than gestures, keep
  environment clear of distractions, leisure
  education

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Diagnostic Groupings

• Autism
• Onset in childhood
• Language difficulty
• Echolalia
• 1/3 Have epilepsy
• 75 Mental Retardation.
• HT structuregtfamily needsgtrespite

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Psychological Problems

• Anxiety disorders
• Fear or panic with no apparent reason.
• obsessive/compulsive behaviors obsessive
  thoughts compulsive behaviors/rituals
• Phobias
• unrealistic fears of
• flying, heights, panic all affect functioning.
• Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
• headaches, loss of memory

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Psychological Problems

• Personality Disorder chronic longstanding
• distorted view of relating to others self
• paranoid
• passive-aggressive
• anti-social

147
Psychological Problems

• Borderline instability of mood, interpersonal
  relationships self-image
• mood change during the day/several times a day
• feelings of emptiness/boredom. will try suicide
  for attention
• HT help make decisions, challenging activities,
  modeling, contracts

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Mood Disorders

• Depression
• loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, lack of
  motivation, low self-esteem
• Manic
• endless energy, expertise in area, know famous
  figure
• Bi-polar (manic-depressive)
• fluctuating moods, lithium to control from
  manicgttogtdepressed

149
Mood Disorders

• Schizophrenia
• A break from reality, disorder in
  thinking/reality,
• delusional, bizarre behaviors hallucinations.
  (Thorazine)
• Auditory Hallucinations
• talking to self, Im Jesus, feel others are out
  to get them, lack of social skills.

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Mood Disorders
151
Mood Disorders

• Addictions
• Eating Disorders
• Anorexia Thin. force self to vomit up meals to
  stay thin, organ damage
• Bulimia gorge purge, onset to young women,
  poor self image

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Mood Disorders

• Chemical Dependency
• Drugs/Alcohol
• Prison
• Sex offenders, murderers etc.
• Social Impairments
• Organic Brain Syndrome
• Acute chronic physical changes to brain,
  memory loss, emotional instability, mood changes,
  poor judgment, confusion, disorientation.

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Behavioral Health

• Horticultural Therapy
• Symbolism
• Leaves shedding
• Thorns
• The touch, smell and feel of soil
• Cleansing
• Seasons of change
• Cleansing
• Beauty
• Roots
• Spiritual connection

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Assessment

• Four Behavioral Domains
• Cognitive intellectual processes of learning or
  knowing learning capability decision making
  follows directions, short term memory, problem
  solving, concentration/attention span, attention
  to details
• Psycho/Social
• psychological social functioning
  Independence, ability to form relationships,
  frustration tolerance, self concept, evaluate and
  value oneself.

155
Assessment

• Physical
• Physical functioning in the environment
• Overall coordination functioning of sensory
  system body parts
• Activity level intensity of sensory system
  body parts
• Strength capacity for exertion, flexibility,
  bending/stretching
• Balancegt Endurancegt Physical Health
• Ability to right selfgtWithstand exertion over
  timegtmobilitygt overall state of wellness

156
Assessment

• Affective facial expression, body gesture,
  self-esteem

157
Task Analysis

• Takes a task and breaks it down step by step into
  small steps
• explaining each single part of the activity
• planting a seedling, filling a window box with
  annuals, watering

158
Activity Modification

• When certain functional abilities are absent or
  impaired (disabled individuals)

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Goals

• A broad general statement of direction purpose
• proposed changes in the individual or their
  environment
• a broad statement of a desired behavior that the
  participant will demonstrate
• set in a positive term a sense of direction

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Objective

• States what the participant will do
• Describes an outcome
• A course of action to meet goal
• Describes observable behavior
• Written in terms of participants behavior

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Objective

• Contains three parts
• 1. Behavior a specific behavior to be
  demonstrated by participant
• 2. Condition When where the behavior will
  occur, a given or a restriction.
• 3. Criteria the measurable outcome how well
  must it be done, correctness, time span,
  percentage, what is acceptable or successful
  performance

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Counseling

• Basic Counseling Techniques Client-centered
  therapy Carl Rogers Active listening
• Attending pay attention, eye contact, posture,
  gestures, verbal affirmation of listening
• Paraphrasing listen for basic message, restate
  in own words
• Clarifying admit your confusion, ask for
  clarification

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Counseling

• Perception
• checking-paraphrase what you think you heard
• Probing
• questions directed to obtain information-to gain
  an understanding
• Reflecting
• to reflect feelings received-interpreting
• Confronting
• point out what seems apparent in an honest manner
  without blame

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Counseling

• Informing
• providing factual information
• Affective Listening
• voice, tone, volume
• Summarizing
• to bring together ideas, to synthesize

165
Counseling

• Non-verbal behaviors
• Visual cues
• Physical appearance, use of jewelry, clothing,
  facial expression
• Eye contact, body movement, vocal cues, volume,
  pitch, availability, personal space.

166
ADA 1990

• Commercial, private settings must make reasonable
  accommodations

167
ADA 1990

• Accessibility
• Signs light characters on dark background
• Curb ramps maximum grade 8.33 other ramps 5
  must be usable
• Doorways 32
• Parking 12.5 x 20.5

168
LAWS

• Section 504 Rehabilitation Act 1973
• individuals shall not be discriminated against
  solely by reason of handicap

169
LAWS

• Program Accessibility Act
• Ramps 8.333 maximum grade
• Parking Space 12.5 x 20.5
• Hand rails 32 high
• Toilet 20 from floor stall at least 36 wide

170
LAWS

• 94-142 Law (1975)
• Education for all Handicapped Children Act
• free and appropriate public education in a least
  restrictive environment (IEP) mandates),
  education can include recreation

171
LAWS

• Individuals with disabilities Education Act
  (IDEA)
• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 1990
• Civil rights for people with disabilities, with
  reasonable accommodations in public places
  defines disabilities
• Advocacy is an important role

172
References

• Rothert, Gene Laurie Nauffs, The Enabling
  Garden,
• Taylor Publishing, TX 1993.
• Sourby, Charles Michaela Byrnes, Therapeutic
  Recreation Certification Study Guide, Therapeutic
  Recreation Directory, WV 1999.