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Globalisering og arbeiderbevegelsen
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Wages flexibility - labour's reward according to productivity and market conditions ... exclusion from formal sector and labour absorption in informal sector ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
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Title: Globalisering og arbeiderbevegelsen
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Globalisering og arbeiderbevegelsen
- Kristian Stokke
- kristian.stokke_at_sgeo.uio.no
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Globalization and labour
- Hyperglobalism
- There is no alternative
- End of working class real world socialism
- Global capital/local labour Race to the bottom
- Skepticism
- Globalization is politically constructed (and a
myth) - Workforce expansion
- National capital/ regulation/ labor Business as
usual
- Alternative position
- Globalization transforms economic relations and
thereby poses challenges for organized labor - Organized labor makes strategic decisions
regarding politicisation of issues and
arenas/scales for mobilization and politicisation
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The second great transformation
- Fordism
- Mass production of homogenous goods
- Vertical integration of firms
- Job specialization, division of labour
- State regulation, welfare state, collective
bargaining - Mass consumption of mass durables
- National economy, politics, culture
- Flexible accumulation
- Flexible production, variety of products (just in
time) - Quasi-vertical integration subcontracting
- Worker flexibility and informalization
- Deregulation and privatization
- Individualized consumption of specialized
products - Globalized economy, politics and culture
David Harvey (1989). The Condition of
Postmodernity
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(No Transcript)
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Flexibilization
- Labour flexibility as a social process and a
political discourse. - Social process
- External numerical flexibility - number of
employees adjusted in accordance with employers
needs - Externalisation - part of the firms work is put
out through sub-contracting - Internal numerical flexibility - working hours
and their delivery adjusted according to
employers needs - Functional flexibility - workers jobs modified
according to employers needs - Wages flexibility - labours reward according to
productivity and market conditions - Political discourse
- Flexibility as freedom or flexibility as attack
on labour rights
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Internationalism
- Old and new internationalism
- Workers of the World Unite (The Communist
Manifesto, 1848) - You cant be a trade unionist unless you are an
internationalist, the reason being that
substandard conditions anywhere are a threat to
good conditions anywhere (Lane Kirkland AFL-CIO,
1994) - Social clause
- ILO core conventions to be ratified in trade
agreements, to apply to all who work, including
in the informal sector and in the FTZs - Freedom of associations Right to organise and
engage in collective bargaining Abolition of
forced labour Abolition of child labour Against
discrimination in employment
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Informalization (Brazilinization)
- Work outside the formal wage-labour market, e.g.
self-employment - Social process
- Informal sector exclusion from formal sector and
labour absorption in informal sector - Informalization informal and formal sectors are
intimately linked flexibilization in the South
spells informalization - Discourse
- The informal sector will shrink with development
(leftover from underdevelopment) vs. the informal
sector being created by capitalist development
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Femininization
- Growth in female employment worldwide
- Social process
- Growth of women workers in the new international
division of labour (1970s and 80s) and in casual
work (homework) (1990s-) - Work in the informal sector means greater
insecurity, reduced work hours and pay, loss of
insurance, holidays, maternity leave, sick pay,
pension etc. - Discourse
- Workforce participation an important achievement
vs. pre-existing gender division of labour being
utilised to achieve labour flexibility
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Gamle og nye bevegelser
Arbeiderbevegelser
Nye sosiale bevegelser
Interessepolitikk
Identitetspolitikk
Saker
Fra arbeidsplass til formell politisk sfære
I sivilsamfunnet, med vekt på politisk autonomi
Lokalisering
Politisk integrasjon basis for rettigheter
Identitetspolitikk for aksept og rettigheter
MÃ¥l
Medlemsskap, demokratisk representasjon, hierarki
Aktivistnettverk, deltager- styrt, massebevegelser
Organisering
Massemobilisering (streik), politiske
forhandlinger
Offentlig protest og kulturelle innovasjoner (nye
livsstiler)
Aksjonsmidler
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Social movement unionism
- Workplace and community
- The emerging social-movement unionism is an
active, community-oriented strategy which works
with a broad conception of who the working people
are. It breaks down the binary oppositions
between workplace and community, economic and
political struggles, and between formal-sector
workers and the working poor. - Issues
- Labour standards Struggles against child labor
and flexibilization/informalization globally - Livelihoods Struggle over both production and
reproduction issues (e.g. anti-privatization,
South Africa)
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Globalization and labour
- Challenges, but also opportunities
- Workplace changes and discourses of flexibility
and competitivenes - Democratic political spaces and human rights
discourses - Strategies
- Going global New internationalism
- Going social Social movement unionism
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