Title: OECD Bilateral Trade Database - by Industry and by End-use (BTDIxE)
1OECD Bilateral Trade Database - by Industry and
by End-use (BTDIxE)
- S. Zhu, N. Yamano and A. Cimper
- Directorate for Science Technology and Industry
- WPTGS 8th November 2011
- (Colin Webb)
2Why BTDIxE ?
- To better understand structural changes in
international trade - Contribute to analyses of global production
networks, regional integration etc. via linking
of national Input-Output tables e.g. work of CIIE - Input into OECD Trade in Value Added project
- General tool for empirical analyses to address
policy issues in areas of Trade, Industry,
infrastructure, environment, innovation - Replaces existing OECD Bilateral Trade by
industry Database (BTD)
3Coverage
- Exports and imports of goods, 1988-2010
- Countries (reporters and partners)
- 34 OECD countries
- 30 non-Members to cover (or complete) BRIICS /
EU27 / G20 / ASEAN9 / CEFTA - Two additional partners Rest of World and
Unspecified - Industries
- About 40 activities mainly covering agriculture,
mining and manufacturing generally 2-digit ISIC
Rev.3 - 4 technology intensity groups
- 8 categories of waste, scrap, recycled goods
4End-use categories
Broad Economic Categories (BEC) codes in
parentheses
5BTDIxE end-use categories
- 3 SNA end-use categories
- Intermediate inputs
- Household consumption
- Capital goods
- 5 mixed end-uses
- packed medicaments
- personal computers
- passenger cars
- phones (fixed and mobile)
- valuables
- other n.e.c
- (fuels and lubricants currently allocated to
intermediate goods)
6Sources and Methods
- Source OECD ITCS / UN Comtrade annual
merchandise trade statistics (HS 6 digit level
approx. 5000 products) - Standard conversion keys from HS to ISIC and HS
to End-use category (EUC) developed for each
version of HS (1988, 1996, 2002, 2007) and
applied to data according to reported HS. Thus, 8
conversion keys - Specific adjustments for Hong Kong re-exports
- Treatment of confidential trade at 2-digit HS
level - Other adjustments (country specific)
7Generation of conversion keys used for BTDIxEvia
existing UNSD correspondence tables
BEC (part) Certain HS products have been
allocated to end-uses different to those implied
by UNSD HS ?BEC ? end-use conversions
8Confidential trade
- Some confidential trade at the 2-digit HS chapter
level can be allocated to ISIC and/or end-use - Generally apparent as the difference between
2-digit HS data and sum of 6-digit components - In the past, such confidential trade, and other
special transactions, reported (in OECD ITCS)
with codes nnCF00 or nnEUxx for 2-digit chapter
nn - Used less frequently in recent years and not
present in the official UNSD HS-HS, HS-ISIC,
HS-BEC correspondences (only regular HS 6-digit
codes used) - Therefore, in BTDIxE, differences between 2-digit
and sum(6-digit) data are calculated (code
nnADJS) before conversion keys applied
9From products to industries and end-uses
examples
10Hong Kong re-exports
- Adjustments for Hong Kong re-exports to get
better estimates of bilateral flows to and from
China - Use re-exports by origin and destination from
Hong Kong Customs and Statistics Department - Allows for China ? Hong Kong ? China case
11(No Transcript)
12Other adjustments
- Done
- Extending estimates for some reporters e.g.
- Belgium, 1988-92 using Belgium-Luxembourg
figures - South Africa, 1992-99 South Africa Customs
Union (SACU) - Chinese Taipei, from 2007 Asia not elsewhere
specified - Desired
- Re-export adjustments for other major hubs such
as Netherlands and Singapore - Country specific adjustments e.g. for UK to deal
with distortions in ICT trade (mid 2000s) due to
EU VAT fraud - Dealing with second-hand goods not identified in
HS either for re-use e.g. transport equipment,
or recycling e.g. discarded PCs
13Next steps
- Finish comparisons between BTDIxE and similar
results from WIOD project - understand origins of any differences
- Finalise BTDIxE documentation and publish as OECD
STI Working Paper(s) - Zhu, Yamano and Cimper, 2011 (forthcoming)
- Release data on OECD.STAT
- replacing existing BTD
- Use for inter-country I-O analyses (e.g. TiVA)
- Identify areas for improvement
- Dealing with ISIC Rev. 4
14World trade by end-use, 1990-2010
Source OECD BTDIxE, 2011 (total of imports)
15World trade by category and by originating region
1995
Source OECD Science, Technology and Industry
Scoreboard, 2011
16World trade by category and by originating region
2009
Source www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard