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... of tetramer.They contact their cognate tRNA by the inside of ... the aminoacyl adenylate to the cognate tRNA, but hydrolyze the aminoacyl adenylate instead. ...
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Pseudouridine & Modified Nucleic Acids. Atomic charge in MM. RESP/ Method. The MEP ... force field specifically tailored to nucleic acid applications (NA_FF) ...
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(Lost in) Translation Briefly review prokaryotic machinery Initiation in Eukaryotes Where in the world is Peptidyl Transferase? tRNA charging: The second code
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The tRNA -- 12-36 and 4-22. The Charging of the tRNA - Figure 4-21. The Wobble Position-- Figure 4-23. An Overveiw of Initiation in Eukaryotes - Figure 4-25 ...
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2?maps at 5.5 angstrom resolution of the whole 70s ribosome. 3?3.5 angstrom resolution crystal structure of the empty E.coli ribosome ...
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G18-Y55 bifurcated. G19-C56 WC. core. G15-C48 reverse WC. U8-A14 reverse Hoogsteen & A21 ... a bifurcated H-bond pattern. RMSD = 1.15 . H-bonds within 0.16 ...
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Ribosome. with mRNA. Charged with amino acid by specific tRNA synthetase. tRNA:mRNA ... 30S subunit. The RNA chains in the ribosomes form the catalytic site ! ...
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Components needed for Translation tRNAs Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases Ribosomes
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... the aminoacyl adenylate to the cognate tRNA, but hydrolyze the aminoacyl ... 3-4 tRNA synthetases recognize unique structure features of cognate tRNAs ...
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... acids of each tRNA The polypeptide chain moves from one tRNA to the next tRNA ... strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds that hold the ...
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Chemistry Chapter 2 Atomic Structure Particles Charge Mass Proton +1 1 amu Neutron no charge 1 amu Electron - 1 0 amu Chemical Bonds Ionic bonds ...
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... the aminoacyl adenylate to the cognate tRNA, but hydrolyze the aminoacyl ... 3-4 tRNA synthetases recognize unique structure features of cognate tRNAs ...
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Electron Micrograph of a DNA-RNA Hybrid. tRNA Transcription & Post Modification ... requires mRNA, ribosomes, tRNA, aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, and initiation, ...
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The tRNA with the anticodon UAC carries the amino acid methionine. 3) ... The polypeptide chain may be modified so that it can function properly.
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The genetic code is translated by two adaptors: The first is the aminoacyl-tRNA. synthetase. ... The second adaptor is the tRNA itself whose anticodon forms ...
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The Chemical basis for Life (continued) What holds atoms together? Ionic bonds Attraction between oppositely charged ions (atoms or molecules) Weak bonds easily ...
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20 types of amino acids covalently linked. Primary structure given by ... tRNA is used to bring in the matching (cognate) amino-acid to the translating ribosome ...
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Holley and et al, 1965 first determined the alanine tRNA structure from yeast ... Alanine is incorporated instead of cysteine. Fig. 19.28 ...
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A purine is bonded to a complementary pyrimidine Bases ... tRNA tRNAs attach to a specific amino acid and carry it to the ribosome There are 20 amino acids 61 ...
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Formate. NADH. ATP. NADPH. Purines. fMet-tRNA. Optimize process parameters. x ... Formate Oxidation. pccAB. meaC. sga. Methylotrophic Metabolic Modules ...
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In mRNA, 3 nucleotides of specific sequence encode 1 amino acid (CODON) R-tRNAR has 3 nucleotides complementary through base pairing to the codon for R ...
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The central Dogma DNA RNA Protein Protein Biosynthesis Major Requirements are Ribosomes Amino Acids m RNA t RNA tRNA being the translational adapter is the most ...
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the Ribosome ... RNA & Protein Ribosome components can be purified separately & reconstituted ... All stages require mRNA, ribosomes and aa-tRNAs ...
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Chapter 14 Protein Synthesis. Some key words in this chapter: Ribosome (???) ... binds ATP and the correct amino acid (based on size, charge, hydrophobicity) ...
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Formation of the Ternary Complex of GTP, Aminoacyl-tRNA, and EF-Tu ... EF-Ts Is Only Necessary For Ternary Complex Formation When Starting From EF-Tu-GDP ...
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DNA fingerprinting. Biotechnology products from bacteria, plants and animals ... 3. DNA fingerprinting. Fragments are separated by their charge/size ratios ...
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Amino acid activation and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases ... can be several different 'isoacceptor' tRNAs for each amino acid ... the wrong amino acid sequence and ...
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anticodon (tRNA molecule) can frequently pair with more than ... 1. Aliphatic (e.g. valine) 2. Aromatic (e.g. proline) - hydrophobic ...
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Codon-anticodon recognition between tRNA and mRNA ... The Third Base of Codon is Variable. The first two interactions (XY-X'Y') obey Watson-Crick ...
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the initiation codon is recognized. eIF2 dissociates from the complex ... the ribosome shifts one codon along. the mRNA, moving peptidyl tRNA ...
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rRNA is responsible for most of the activities of the ribosome ... Wobble Hypothesis. There is a wobble in the base pairing in the 3rd nucleotide so that the tRNA can ...
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Near-cognate tRNA: one mismatched base pair. Frequency of mismatch is 10-3 to 10-4 ... Crystal structure of 30S subunit with anticodon stem-loop fragments ...
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rRNA and tRNA are Cogs in the Machinery. rRNA is a structural part of the ribosome ... on how to put together your 'easy to assemble' bookcase/desk/whatever ...
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Impact of Technology Scaling on Low Noise Front End Circuits Paul O Connor, Brookhaven National Laboratory Snowmass 2001 July 9 2001 Charge preamplifier/shaper as ...
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Translation. Translation- the synthesis of protein from an ... variable in size ~3-~20 nt. tRNA Structure ... (EF-Tu and EF-Ts involved with GTP metabolism in ...
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... killed strain S mouse lives. Inject with h-k S and live R mouse dies, and live S ... charged and migrates toward positive pole when placed in an electric field ...
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Function is to recognize an mRNA codon and to position correct amino acid into ... aa-tRNA recognizes correct mRNA codon during translation through pairing between ...
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... where a ribosome reads a messenger RNA (mRNA) and synthesizes a protein. ... loop of the tRNA uses base pairing to read the genetic code on the messenger RNA. ...
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2 analogues (b and c) that should bind to the active site of PT on the ... Isoleucine tRNA synthetase (IleRS) discriminates 50,000-fold for Ile over valine ...
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if correct codon-anticodon interactions occur, the EF-Tu uses GTP to completely insert the tRNA ... Initiation occurs at the first start codon after 5'-cap ...
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1) ribosomes: organelle responsible for assembling a polypeptide ... wobble hypothesis: theory that when the tRNAs line up along the mRNA ...
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The side chains of the amino acids (R) vary in size, shape, charge, bonding, ... Thus, upon encountering an unassigned codon, translation stalls, and the ...
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rRNA and tRNA are Cogs in the Machinery. rRNA is a structural part of the ribosome ... on how to put together your 'easy to assemble' bookcase/desk/whatever ...
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Puromycin resembles tyrosyl-tRNA, binds to the A site, accepts peptide from ... Central protuberance. stalk. ridge. head. stalk. platform. platform ...
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Initiator tRNA recognizes start codon. Scanning Model. Initiation Factors. eIF2 ... eIF1 and eIF1A- scan to start codon. eIF5 stimulates association with 60S ...
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Title: PowerPoint Author: lhs Last modified by: chen Created Date: 8/18/2000 3:09:50 AM Document presentation format:
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Translation - University of Arizona ... Translation
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Initiation factors are released when the two ribosomal subunits associate. ... PowerPoint Presentation Last modified by: Kazuo Hiraizumi Created Date:
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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: Rama Last modified by: Dan Dumont Created Date: 11/2/2000 4:00:59 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show
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Spliceosome Assembly and Function Reactions in Exon Splicing These self-splicing introns are an example of RNA that can catalyze a reaction. RNA molecules can ...
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How do bacteria respond. to their environment? Myxococcus. Starvation Fruiting bodies ... How is starvation sensed and interpreted? Response of E. coli. to ...
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ribosome. mRNA. AUG. cap (A)n. UAG. many aa codons. open reading ... of ribosomes very large ( 106 in a large cell) each mRNA may have several ribosomes on it ...
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Co-Evolution of the Genetic Code and Amino Acid BioSynthesis An hypothesis from 1975 by Jeffrey Tze-Fei Wong Anna Battenhouse
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Title: Protein Synthesis Author: McIntyre Last modified by: Tara and Eric McIntyre Created Date: 10/7/2003 9:46:27 PM Document presentation format
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Acylation site rejects larger amino acids via steric considerations ... achieved by this combination of proof-reading and steric considerations ...
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Colinearity of Gene and Protein DNA genotype DNA sequence transcription RNA translation amino acid sequence protein function organism phenotype
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