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Then: Val = 2 FADH2 pyruvate NADPH 2 NADH NH3. Then: Val = 6 NADH GTP 3 ... Then: Val = malate 3 NADH 2 FADH2 NH3. Isoleucine Degradation ...
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... 23-3a Biotin and carboxybiotinyl enzyme. ( a) Biotin consists of ... ( b) In carboxybiotinyl enzyme, N1 of the biotin ureido group is the carboxylation site. ...
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Uses the coenzyme biotin. A. Formation of oxaloacetate from pyruvate. ... Carboxylases require biotin. Formation of phosphoenolpyrovate. from oxaloacetate. ...
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Krebs Cycle. Acetyl-CoA. CoA. Citrate (___ carbons) (2 carbons) Oxaloacetate (4 Carbons) ... (2nd oxidation) Reorganization. Hydrogen and electrons. Come from ...
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Topics: CO2 concentrating mechanisms Starch and Sucrose synthesis If you would use oxaloacetate (C4 organic acid) instead of glucose, would you get more or less ATP out?
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... acetyl CoA drives the reaction of acetate with oxaloacetate to produce citrate. ... of reactions in which citrate is oxidized and oxaloacetate regenerated. ...
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Citric Acid Cycle * ... Citrate synthase Aconitase Triose Phosphate Isomerase Isocitrate Dehydrogenase * TCA Cycle Overview Pyruvate Acetyl CoA Oxaloacetate Citrate ...
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The Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA Involves Multiple Coupled Redox Reactions ... Citrate Synthase Generates Citrate from Acetyl-CoA and Oxaloacetate ...
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Glucogenic-converted to glucose by gluconeogenesis. Ketogenic-converted to a ketone body. ... to oxaloacetate stimulating gluconeogenesis. Glucose exported into ...
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Accumulation of lipid as triacylglycerol in the liver causes cirrhosis and ... Shift in the malate oxaloacetate, which may reduce activity of the citric acid cycle. ...
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'Energy can not be created or destroyed, merely transformed ... Acetyl-CoASH. Succinyl-S-CoA. CoASH. ATP. ADP. Succinate. Fumarate. H2O. Malate. Oxaloacetate ...
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Succinyl CoA -- oxalacetate-- glucose (gluconeogenesis) During CHO starvation, oxaloacetate in liver is depleted due to gluconeogenesis. ...
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1 Glucose. CO2. 2. Lactates. Acetyl CoA. FATTY ACIDS. T.C.A. CYCLE. AMINO ACIDS ... OXALOACETATE. GTP. CoA. CO2. CO2. AMINO ACIDS. ATP. ATP. ATP. H2O ...
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... is used to make two molecules of NADH H , one for each of the two G3P ... With molecular rearrangements, oxaloacetate is formed, which can be used for the ...
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The entropy of an isolated system not in equilibrium will tend ... Condensation of oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA. ?G ' = -31.5 kJ/mol. Citrate synthase mechanism ...
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Example: reaction 8 of citric acid cycle (malate to oxaloacetate) ... Pyridine nucleotides. Derived from niacin. Water soluble ' ' indicates charge on N ...
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An incomplete citric acid cycle in. some anaerobic bacteria. aKG ... TCA cycle is 'amphibolic' Four anaplerotic reactions generate oxaloacetate or malate. ...
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... carbon fragment to form acetyl-CoA. O. C=O. C ... Acetyl-CoA transfers its two carbon fragment to oxaloacetate to start the cycle ... acetyl-CoA. free oxygen ...
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Szent-Gry gyi- Nobel prize 1937. a-ketoglutarate converted to succinate in muscle ... X. Oxaloacetate. NADH H NAD Oxidation. 9. Malate dehydrogenase. IX. ...
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Cyclic, anabolic biochemical pathway
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ANABOLIC FUNCTION OF KREBS CYCLE Figure 19-19. A diagram of the citric acid cycle, indicating positions at which intermediates are drawn off for use in anabolic ...
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... involved in gluconeogenesis. List the irreversible and regulated steps of gluconeogenesis ... Allosteric regulator of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis ...
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Reactions, regulation and importance of citric acid cycle
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Pyruvate carboxylase requires biotin as a cofactor ... Biotin is an essential nutrient. There is hardly any deficiencies for biotin because it is abundant and ...
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NOTES: Chapter 9 (Part 2): Glycolysis & Krebs Cycle (9.2 & 9.3)
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The Krebs Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle The Final Common Pathway of Oxidative Metabolism 9/24/07 The Three Stages of Metabolism The Krebs Cycle Citric Acid Cycle; The TCA ...
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Chapt. 20 TCA cycle Ch. 20 Tricarboxylic acid cyle Student Learning Outcomes: Describe relevance of TCA cycle Acetyl CoA funnels products Describe reactions of TCA ...
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Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA), Krebs Cycle Occurs totally in mitochondria Pyruvate (actually acetate) from glycolysis is degraded to CO2 Some ATP is produced
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... of NADH produced to generate ATP. Lipogenesis. Moved out into the ... citrate synthase ... ATP ADP phosphate. ACL is inhibited by hydroxy-citrate (OHCit) ...
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LIPID METABOLISM: CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Functions of Cholesterol a precursor ...
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Fatty Acid Metabolism Regulation of Fatty Acid Synthesis Acetyl Co-A ----- Malonyl Co-A Carboxylase (key enzyme) Insulin activates enzyme Glucagon inhibits Global ...
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MITOCHONDRIA Oval shaped organelles; randomly scattered around the cytoplasm. Energy factories of the cell; produce the majority of the cell's ATP
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PROTEIN METABOLISM: SPECIFIC WAYS OF AMINO ACIDS CATABOLISM AND SYNTHESIS SPECIFIC WAYS OF AMINO ACID CATABOLISM The carbon skeletons of 20 fundamental amino acids ...
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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Last modified by: Michael Vayda Created Date: 1/1/1601 12:00:00 AM Document presentation format: On-screen Show Other titles
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Champe, Harvey and Ferrier, Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews ... in muscle and adipose tissue. ... derived from muscle, adipose tissue: pyruvate and ...
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whereas pyruvate dehydrogenase and TCA cycle reactions take place in ... reactions, they are replenished by anaplerotic reactions in the cells (indicated ...
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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: t w Last modified by: John Makemson Created Date: 12/24/2002 1:08:46 AM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3)
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Other Pathways of Carbohydrate Metabolism Aulanni am Laboratory of Biochemistry FMIPA Brawijaya University Transaldolase contains an essential Lys residue that ...
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Gluconeogenesis Dr. Sooad Al-Daihan Biochemistry department Introduction Some tissues, such as the brain, and red blood cells require a continuous supply of glucose ...
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TPP = thiamine pyrophosphate. substrates. products. prosthetic group. coenzymes. CO2. FADH2 ... Thiamine. Prosthetic. Thiamine pyrophosphate. E1. Vitamin ...
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The Citric Acid Cycle (Tricarboxylic Acid Cyle) 1. The link between gycolysis and citric acid cycle 2. TCA cycle oxidizes 2 C units 3. Entry and metabolism controlled
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Which AAs are ketogenic only? Glucogenic only? Both? Amino acid catabolism ... RED carbons: ketogenic. BLUE carbons: glucogenic. a-Ketoglutarate. Succinyl-CoA ...
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Citric Acid Cycle. Gylcolysis. TCA Cycle. Electron Transport and. Oxidative phosphorylation ... (aka Citric Acid Cycle, Krebs Cycle) ...
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Title: Biochemistry: A Short Course Author: Tymoczko, Berg, Stryer Last modified by: Pare, Paul Created Date: 12/24/2002 1:08:46 AM Document presentation format
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Pyruvate Oxidation or Oxidative Decarboxylation (if oxygen is present ) The following occurs for each pyruvate: CO2 removed. NAD+ reduced to NADH and the 2 ...
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Small class of enzymes. Can directly form ... isolated from the inner mitochondrial matrix of chicken cardiac muscle ... Savannah tsetse fly. Bootstrap values: ...
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Title: 1 Author: Rahmaninova Last modified by: ravcheyev Created Date: 2/9/2006 1:13:17 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show Company
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KG acetyl-CoA 2NH3 2NAD 4ATP 4NADPH ... If: -ketoadipate = 2 NADH FADH2 2 Acetyl-CoA ... Then: Thr = N5,N10-THF NH3 2NADH Acetyl-CoA ...
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AMP stimulates phospho-fructokinase, whereas ATP and citrate inhibit it. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is inhibited by AMP and activated by citrate.
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The Role of Mitochondria in Signaling ... The General Organization of a Mitochondrion. Fawcett, A Textbook of Histology, Chapman and Hall, 12th edition, 1994 ...
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TCA Cycle = Citric Acid Cycle = Krebs Cycle. TCA (TriCarboxylic Acid) produces citrate (aka citric acid) as an intermediate in the cycle; ...
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Tutorial: Glucose Metabolism in the b-Cell Richard Bertram Department of Mathematics And Programs in Neuroscience and Molecular Biophysics Metabolites as Signaling ...
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If the citrate cycle is an engine, what is the fuel, the energy output, and the ... results in the transfer of 2 e- to the FAD moiety, which in turn, passes the ...
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Calibri Arial Garamond Wingdings Office Theme Slide 1 Explain the difference between exergonic & endergonic reactions. Give an example of each. Which ...
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Glu 2NAD 2 ADP 2 Pi 2 pyr 2 NADH 2 H 2 ATP 2 H2O. D Go' = -85 kJ/mole ... Up to 38 ATP/glu ( 1160 kJ/mole avail) 1 step uses complex sim to PDC ...
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Photorespiration and Plant Diversity On hot dry days Plants close stomata to prevent water loss This means less CO2 available for photosynthesis O2 builds up in ...
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