Wilhelm Wundt1879 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: Wilhelm Wundt1879


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?????????? ???? Wilhelm Wundt-1879

• ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???
• ?????? ???-?????????? ????? ???

• ?????????? ??????
• Triplett-1892
• McDougul-1908

?? ???, ??? ??????????? ????, ?????? ??????
????????? ?????
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• ?????? ??????

???? ?- Simple and Sovereign Theories
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???????
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Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) ??? ?????-????? ????
J.S.Mill-????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ?????
????? ????-??? ???? ???? ????
Hedonistic Calculations ??? ????? ????????
????/???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????
??? ???????????, ?????? ????? ????? ???' ?????
?????? ?????????? ?? ?????
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?????? ?????Laissez Faire ?? ?? ??? ??
????-??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????
Social Darwinism
Spencer (1820-1903) ??????? ?????? ??????-???
"?????" ??????. ?????? ?? Spencer ,Bentham, Mills
?????? ??????? ?????????
????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????????
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2
Hobbes (1588-1679)
Power
??????? ??????? ?????, ???? ???? ?- Greatest joy
for the human soul
???? ????? ???. ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ????
?? ???- "'war against all"
????
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when worn out by insecurity of the innermost
struggle, they were willing to exchange their
personal power for protection by a Leviathan or
super-being, whether a god, strong leader or
the state
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For such is the nature of man that howsoever
they may acknowledge many others to be more
witty, more eloquent, or more learned, yet they
will hardly believe they are so wise as
themselves
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Friedrich Nietzsche What man wills, what every
smallest part of a living organism wills is a
plus of power. Both pleasure and unpleasure are
consequences of striving for it.
Le Dantec (1918) To survive is to conquer
???? ??????? ????? ??-??? ????? ???????????
??????? ?????? Metaphysical Truths (???? ???????)
????Hobbes ???? ?- The wicked man is the child
grown up.
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3
??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????
????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????
-Adam Smith(????? ??? 18), ????? ????????, ?????
?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????
????? ??????
-Spencer??????? ???? ??????. ??????? ??????
????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ?????.
-Kropotkin (1902)??????? ?????????? ????? ????
???? ?????????????/?????? ?????
Society is imitation Tarde (1903)
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3 ???? ????? ?????/????? "??????"

• ??? ??????
• ?"????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????"

2. ??? ?????? ??????????.
3. ??? ?????? ???? ???????.
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?????? ??????? ??????

• -Darwin????? ?????????(Social Darwinism )
• "????????" ????-???? ???????? ??????????

2. ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??
Sherif ?? ????? ???????????

• 3. ?- Gestalt
• ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????
• Asch ????? ?"??-??".
• ????? ???? ???????-?????? ???? ?????? ????
• ??????? ???????????? ?????? ?? Sherif ??????
• ???? ?????? ???????????-??????

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4
?????? ????????????
????? ????? ???-??????
Every human being has as many personalities as
he has personal relations (Sullivan)

• ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??"???".

• ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????.

?????? Group Psychology and the Analysis Of the
ego
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LaBon (1895) The Crowd
Plato Had every Athenian Citizen been a
Socrates, Every Athenian assembly would still
have been a mob

• La Bon
• ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????
  ????-????????
• ??? ?????-?? ?????
• ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????
• ??????? ???????? ?????? Ideomotor image

???
?????
???
?????
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????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? "??????????
??????????".
Ross (1908) ????? ????? "Multiplied suggestion"

Martin (1920) -????? ????? ??????????? ???????.
????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????
"Group Mind" .
??? ?????? ??? "Group Mind"
????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? "????"
????? ??????, ????? ????? ??? ???? ??
??????/????? , ???? ??? ?????  
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????? Group Mind?? ??? ?? ????
??????? ???????? Symbolic interactionism Negotiat
ion of Reality Emile Durkheim
(1858-1917) Collective Representations
??????? ??????
?????? ?????
?????
????? ????
????? ????????
?????
???? Moscovici????? ?? ?????