Motivation Q

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Motivation Q A

• Primary drives, Secondary drives, Instinct,
  Motivation Cycle Maslows Hierarchy

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Motivation, Primary Secondary Drives

• Motivation active behaviour that satisfies
  needs and works towards a goal
• Ie. Hunting to find food to fill hunger need
• Primary Drive motive based on innate,
  biological and survival oriented needs such as
  need for sleep, air, food, water
• Secondary Drive motive based on learned needs
  that have been acquired through the learning
  process such as money has no value to an infant,
  it is only through a learned process does the
  paper become valuable and a motivator for
  behaviour

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Instinct Motivation Theory

• Instincts are unlearned, biologically built-in,
  fixed patterns of behaviour
• Instincts may be present at birth delayed until
  the use is necessary (mature enough) a process
  called fixed action patterns
• Fixed action patterns are specific behaviours
  that the organism is pre-programmed to perform
  under specific conditions or when effected by
  stimuli
• The stimuli in the environment that give rise to
  the fixed action pattern are known as releasers
• Thus the stimuli release the instinctual
  behaviour pattern
• Since lower animals are limited in their
  responses they are often guided by instinct ie.
  The spider will continue to build a web when the
  web is damages because it knows no other way to
  deal with the situation

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Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory
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Lowest level of needs is physiological
needs Food, shelter, water, survival These
needs must be met before you can move to the next
level
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• Next level of need is safety and security
• needs reflect peoples desire for predictability
  in life.
• Safety needs focus on protection from physical
  harm.
• Security needs reflect the need to provide for
  oneself and ones family.

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Next level of needs Social or belongingness
needs deal with emotional and mental
well-being. Research has revealed that our needs
for affection, a sense of belonging, and group
identification are as important for health as
food and safety
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• Self-esteem is a term that describes how
• you feel about yourself.
• Esteem needs relate to a persons self-respect
• and the respect he or she receives from others.

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Self-actualization needs represent a persons
need for growth. Self-actualization is people
fulfilling their potential or realizing their
fullest capacities as human beings
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• Maslows theory is an optimistic and positive
  view of human nature because the focus is on
  human growth achieving maximum potential
• All levels of the needs are innate to human
  nature (is this possible think of Harlows
  monkey experiements)
• Some have argued that self-actualization is an
  innate need, that humans strive towards once
  other needs are met
• Someone at this level is able to deal with the
  world in a non-possessive, non-demanding and
  creative ways --- very few people
• Most people get entangled in dealing with
  relationship (belonging) / self-esteem and/or
  safety / survival

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Motivation Cycle
Need
Drive
Time Elapses
Action
Drive Subsides
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Motivation can be

• Internal - comes from the satisfaction that
  occurs when a task is performed. When you enjoy
  doing your job, you are self-motivated. The
  motivation comes from job content, not job
  environment.
• External - is an action taken by another person.
  It usually involves anticipation of a reward.
  Typical rewards in the workplace setting include
  money, awards, and performance feedback.

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Summary

• People are motivated by different needs.
• The steps an individual goes through to satisfy a
  need are called the motivational cycle.
• Motives are individualistic.
• Motives change over time.
• According to Maslow, motives vary in strength and
  importance and can be arranged in an order called
  a hierarchy.