ANATOMY OF PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES.

1
ANATOMY OF PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES.

• Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
  An Overview.

2
The Prokaryotic Cell.

• Size, shape, and arrangement of bacterial cells.
• Structures external to the cell wallGlycocalyx,
  Flagella, Axial filaments, Fimbriae and pili, and
  Cell wall.

3
THE CELL WALL.

• Composition and characteristics.
• Gram positive cell wall.
• Gram negative cell wall.
• Atypical cell wall Mycoplasma and
  Archaeobacteria.

4
Damage to the cell wall.

• Protoplast and spheroplast.

5
INTERNAL STRUCTURES PLASMA MEMBRANE.

• Structure.
• Functions.
• Destruction of the membrane by antimicrobial
  agents.
• Movement of materials across membranes Passive
  processes- Simple diffusion, Facilitated
  diffusion, osmosis.

6

• Osmosis Hypertonic, Isotonic, and Hypotonic
  solutions.
• Active Processes Active transport, Group
  translocation.

7

• Bacterial cytoplasm.
• Nuclear area.
• Ribosomes.
• InclusionsMetachromatic granules, polysacharide
  granules, lipid inclusions, sulfur granules,
  carboxysomes, gas vacuoles.
• Endospores.

8
THE EUKARYOTIC CELL structures external to cell
wall.

• Flagella and cilia.
• The cell wall and glycocalyx.
• The plasma membrane.

9
Structures internal to the cell.

• Cytoplasm.
• Organelles Nucleus, ER,Ribosomes, Golgi complex,
  Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Lysosomes, Vacuoles,
  Centrioles.