The Circulatory System

1
The Circulatory System
2
Function Structure

• Function Transportation
• Oxygen from the lungs to body cells
• Carbon dioxide from body cells to lungs
• Nutrients from intestines to body cells
• Wastes from body cells to kidneys
• Structure
• Heart
• Blood vessels
• Blood

3
The Heart

• Mostly made of muscle myocardium
• To pump
• Surrounded by a membrane pericardium
• For protection
• Four chambers
• 2 atria (sing. atrium)
• Receive blood
• 2 ventricles
• Pump blood out

4
The Four Chambers
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
5
Two Loop Circulation

• Pulmonary circulation
• From heart to lungs (deoxygenated)
• Then back to heart (oxygenated)
• Systemic circulation
• From heart to body tissues (oxygenated)
• Then back to heart (deoxygenated)

6

Capillaries of head and arms
Capillaries of left lung
Capillaries of right lung
Capillaries of abdominal organs and legs
7
Other Structures

• Valves flaps of tissue
• Prevent backflow
• If defective - heart murmurs
• Septum wall separating right left sides
• Prevents mixing
• Coronary vessels vessels in heart muscle

8
Valves Septum
Aortic Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Mitral Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Septum
9
Blood Vessels

• Arteries
• Arteries AWAY
• Thick, elastic walls
• Capillaries
• GAS NUTRIENT EXCHANGE!
• Narrow, with very thin walls
• Veins
• Veins RETURN
• Contain valves

10
Artery
Capillary
Vein

11
Arteries Veins
Aorta
Superior Vena Cava
Pulmonary Arteries
Pulmonary Veins
Inferior Vena Cava
12

Capillaries of head and arms
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
Pulmonary vein
Capillaries of right lung
Capillaries of left lung
Inferior vena cava
Capillaries of abdominal organs and legs