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Purgatorio

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Title: Purgatorio


1
Purgatorio
  • World Literature

2
Purgatory
  • Place for purging
  • From Latin purus and agere
  • to make pure
  • Provides merciful chance for a deceased person to
    become cleansed from serious sins that have been
    repented of but not atoned for
  • When purged, the soul can enter pure into Gods
    pure presence.

3
Purgatory
  • Comes from Catholic tradition of praying for
    their dead.
  • Maccabees 1243
  • made atonement for the dead that they might be
    freed from their sins.
  • Matthew 123
  • Sins would not be forgiven either in this world
    or in the world to come.

4
Purgatory
  • A soul is in Purgatory because it died in Gods
    forgiving grace, no matter how heinous the sins.
  • In Hell the focus of punishment is fruits of sin
    (evil acts)
  • In Purgatory the focus is the roots of sin (evil
    tendencies)
  • 7 deadly or 7 cardinal sins

5
Purgatory
  • Purgatory
  • Night and day
  • Time is precious in this realm (Canto 24)
  • Souls are eager to get on with their work
  • Angels
  • Every terrace has guardian angels
  • Hell
  • Always night
  • Time is pointless
  • Activities are mindlessly repetitive
  • Demons/monsters

6
Purgatory
  • Dantes Purgatory
  • Towering mountain-island in the Earths southern
    hemisphere.
  • Three divisions
  • Forest of Eden
  • Purgatory
  • Seven terraces or ledges
  • Prepurgatory
  • 4 groups of souls in waiting

7
Purgatory
  • Purgatory
  • Each of the 7 terraces linked with one of
    Christs beatitudes (Matt. 53-11)
  • Each category has
  • Inspiring examples of the virtue they neglected
  • Horrible examples of the vice they indulged
  • Both pre-Christian and biblical examples

8
Outline of Purgatory
  • Cantos 1-9
  • Prepurgatory (waiting)
  • Cantos 10-27
  • Seven-story mountain (purgation)
  • Cantos 28-33
  • Forest of Eden (final grooming)

9
Canto 1
  • Easter, April 10, 1300
  • Dante evokes the Muses for the second leg of his
    journey
  • Calliope, muse of epic poetry
  • Four Stars
  • Cardinal virtues
  • Prudence
  • Justice
  • Fortitude
  • Temperance
  • Dante and Virgil meet Cato

10
Canto 2
  • Dante and Virgil near seashore
  • Angel with boat full of spirits singing Psalm
    113-114
  • Dante meets old friend Casella
  • Sings one of Dantes poems

11
Canto 3
  • Arrive at Prepurgatory
  • foot of the mountain
  • Late repentants (Group 1)
  • Excommunicated
  • Manfred
  • Illegitimate son of Emperor Frederick II

12
Canto 4
  • Mountain trek is very tiring must be diligent in
    the climb.
  • Virgil consoles Dante
  • going gets easier the higher you climb

13
First Lower Ledge
  • The spiritually lazy (Group 2)
  • Belacqua, the lazy Florentine
  • whats the use of going up?
  • Must wait here for as long as he postponed his
    good sighs on Earth.
  • Declares only the prayers of good souls on Earth
    can shorten his waiting period.

14
Second Lower Ledge
  • Those who met sudden, violent deaths and were
    sinners until their final hour. (Group 3)
  • Must wait for as long a time as they lived before
    beginning their purification.
  • Singing from Psalm 50-51
  • God have mercy on me

15
Second Lower Ledge
  • Those who met sudden, violent deaths and were
    sinners until their final hour.
  • Jacopo del Cassero of Fano
  • Buonconte da Montefeltro
  • La Pia
  • Sordello

16
Second Lower Ledge
  • Valley of the Negligent Rulers
  • Neglected their own souls on Earth because they
    were overly preoccupied with royal cares. (Group
    4)

17
Canto 8
  • Two angels of hope
  • Keep serpent out of the valley
  • Dante converses with 2 rulers
  • Judge Nino Visconti
  • Old friend of Dante
  • Asks Dante to tell his daughter Giovanna of his
    need for her prayers.
  • Currado Malaspina
  • Predicts that within 7 years Dante will
    experience the hospitality of his family

18
Lord Byrons Don Juan
  • Soft hour! which wakes the wish and melts the
    heart
  • Of those who sail the seas, on the first day
  • When they from their sweet friends are torn
    apart
  • Or fills with love the pilgrim on his way
  • As the far bell of vespers makes him start
  • Seeming to weep the dying days decay.
  • Is this a fancy which our reason scorns?
  • Ah! Surely nothing dies but something mourns.

19
Canto 9
  • First prophetic dream
  • Lifted by golden eagle and carried through sphere
    of fire covering Earth.
  • To St. Peters Gate

20
Canto 9
  • St. Peters Gate
  • 3 steps
  • White
  • Repentant sinner who examines his conscience
  • Original innocence
  • Purple
  • Repentant sinner bruises himself with a sorrowful
    confession
  • Mankinds fall from grace
  • Red
  • Repentant sinner washed sacramentally in Christs
    purifying blood
  • Redemption by Christ

21
Canto 9
  • 2 Keys
  • keys to the kingdom
  • Gold
  • Mediated act of divine forgiveness
  • More precious
  • Silver
  • Wise counseling of a confessor
  • Requires more human skill

22
Canto 9
  • Angel marks seven Ps on Dantes brow
  • Peccatum sin
  • See that you wash away these wounds when you are
    within.
  • Ps represent 7 cardinal sins
  • One is purged at each level of the mountain

23
Canto 10
  • Arrival at Purgatory proper

24
Ledge 1
  • Pride
  • Aldobrandesco
  • Oderisi
  • Provenzan

25
Ledge 2
  • Envy
  • Sapia
  • Guido del Duca
  • Rinier da Calboli

26
Ledge 3
  • Anger
  • Marco the Lombard

27
Ledge 4
  • Sloth
  • Outline of Purgatory
  • Abbot of San Zeno

28
Ledge 5
  • Avarice and Wastefulness
  • Second prophetic dream
  • Pope Adrian V
  • Hugh Caper

29
Ledge 6
  • Gluttony
  • Statius
  • Forese Donati
  • Bonaguinta da Lucca

30
Ledge 7
  • Lust
  • Guido Guinizelli
  • Arnaut Daniel
  • Dante goes through fire
  • Third prophetic dream
  • Leah
  • Matilda emblem of active life
  • Rachel
  • Beatrice lost love

31
Ledge 7
  • Third prophetic dream
  • Leah
  • Matilda emblem of active life
  • Rachel
  • Beatrice lost love

32
Forest of Eden
  • 4th and final day in Purgatory
  • Enters earthly paradise regained
  • Virgil Statius still with Dante
  • Meets Matilda
  • Caretaker of Eden
  • Rivers in Eden
  • Lethe oblivion
  • Waters removed the memory of sin evil
  • Eunoe well-minded
  • Waters restore memory of every good deed

33
Pageant of Revelation
  • 7 Blazing candles
  • Flames are rainbow of colors
  • Represent gifts of Gods Spirit
  • Wisdom
  • Understanding
  • Counsel
  • Knowledge
  • Fortitude
  • Piety
  • Reverence for Lord

34
Pageant of Revelation
  • Gods gift of Revelation had 3 biblical stages
  • Hebrew Scriptures
  • Four Gospels
  • Later books of Christian Testament

35
Pageant of Revelation
  • 24 elders dressed in white
  • Crowned with lilies walk 2 x 2 behind candles
  • Represent books of Hebrew Bible
  • Singing to a woman
  • White
  • Illuminating faith

36
Pageant of Revelation
  • Chariot
  • Pulled by winged Griffon
  • Half golden eagle half lion
  • Represents Christ
  • Both divine (eagle) and human (lion)
  • 2 creatures in front 2 creatures behind
  • Represent 4 gospel writers
  • Matthew
  • Mark
  • Luke
  • John

37
Pageant of Revelation
  • Chariot
  • On Right
  • 3 dancing ladies
  • Theological virtues
  • Faith white
  • Hope green
  • Charity - red

38
Pageant of Revelation
  • Chariot
  • On Left
  • 4 women dressed in purple
  • Cardinal virtues
  • Justice
  • Fortitude
  • Temperance
  • Prudence (3rd eye sees past, present, future)

39
Pageant of Revelation
  • 7 white robed men with 7 candles
  • Crowned with roses other red flowers
  • Represent other books of New Testament
  • Luke
  • Paul
  • Peter
  • James
  • John
  • Jude
  • John (the Divine)
  • Sleeping old man

40
Canto 30
  • Focal point of poem Dorothy Sayers
  • Goodbye to Virgil
  • Hello to Beatrice
  • Green mantle
  • Dressed in red
  • White veil
  • Colors of flag of Italy

41
Canto 30
  • Beatrice
  • Chastises Dante
  • His sorrow must match his sins.

42
Canto 31
  • Dante makes confession
  • Sees reflection of griffon in Beatrices eyes
  • Matilda pulls Dante across Lethe
  • Dante drinks of the waters of the Lethe

43
Canto 32
  • Beatrice assures Dante of his final salvation
  • Beatrice gives Dante his poetic mission to the
    world
  • for the good of that world that lives badly, fix
    your eyes on the chariot, and when you have
    returned to the world, write what you see.
  • Sees devastations that have afflicted Church
    throughout history

44
Canto 32
  • Pageant of Church History
  • Chariot
  • Now signifies Church Militant as it struggles on
    Earth.
  • Tied to tree of Knowledge of Good Evil
  • Attacks by
  • Imperial Eagle
  • Fox
  • Eagle covers it with feathers
  • Dragon

45
Canto 32
  • Pageant of Church History
  • Chariot
  • Transforms into 7-headed monster
  • 7 deadly sins
  • Harlot
  • Papacy under Boniface VIII Clement V
  • Corrupt popes, according to Dante
  • Giant
  • King Philip IV of France
  • Abused church
  • Attacked Boniface VIII
  • Pressured Clement V to move papacy from Rome to
    France

46
Canto 33
  • Shattered chariot
  • Church
  • which was and is not
  • Deliverer will come
  • slay the harlot giant
  • Dante and Statius washed in Eunoe
  • Purgation is complete
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