Presentacin de PowerPoint

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Bridging the gap between the poorest families and
their rights
Reaching The Poor Conference Washington D.C.,
February 18 20, 2004
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In Chile, the poverty, like in all Latin American
and Caribbean countries, is measured based on an
income poverty line, the CASEN survey.
Chile has had significant achievements in
reducing poverty over the last decade, but there
has been an stagnation in extreme poverty
reduction since 1998
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Extreme poverty in Chile

• In 2000, 850.000 people were living in extreme
  poverty (5.7 of population).
• These people are more vulnerable and social
  excluded than they were at the beginning of the
  90s
• Social policies have been successful in
  targeting poor people, but not the poorest of
  them.
• Social services and benefits have been allocated
  to those poore people who applied for it.
• But it es very difficult for the extreme poor
  people to demand these benefits, because their
  are excluded of social networks.

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Health in Chile
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Targeting the poorest families

• In Chile, two important instruments are used to
  identify people living in extreme poverty
• CASEN is a survey based in a large sample of
  the chilean population, that allows us to
  estimate the total number of people living in
  poverty (based on income). It does not identify
  the individuals.
• CAS records are a complementary instrument that
  is periodically applied by Municipalities, in
  order to determine families living situation
  (based on a variety of poverty indicators). Each
  family is given a unique score that enables
  public institutions to focus their interventions.

• Poverty targeting strategies in Chile
• Vulnerable groups (1990 1996) indigenous,
  poor, women, youth, elderly, etc.
• Vulnerable territories (1996 2002) rural
  areas, slums, etc.
• Families living in extreme poverty (2002 until
  today).

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Considering the aforementioned background, the
Government of Chile resolved that...
It is necessary to identify on the communal,
regional and national level the families living
in conditions of extreme poverty as the priority
subjects of public policy, orienting preferential
action of the State towards them through
selective interventions with a strong emphasis on
inter-sectorality and integrality.
How do we work with this population group,
considering their vulnerability and exclusion?
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It is necessary to take the following elements
into consideration

• The intervention carried out should be integral
  and intersectoral.
• It should be focused on a subject of
  intervention that allows for integrality. This
  subject of intervention is the family.
• A basic condition required is the
  complementarity of actions and interventions.
  Different interventions for the same
  beneficiaries.
• It should maximize the use of the public program
  offering existent in the country that is directed
  to the poor.
• It should bring about concrete and verifiable
  results in the beneficiary individuals and
  families.
• It should be founded upon a focus of integration.

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• Chile in Solidarity System is a governmental
  initiative that came about as a means to approach
  extreme poverty in an attempt to bring together
  the following elements in one intervention
• The progressive installation of an integral
  social protection system for Chilean families
  living in extreme poverty.
• The personalized atention to these families,
  which allows them to effectively integrate
  themselves into the service networks and programs
  intended for them.
• The two elements combined will allow them to move
  out of their situation of extreme poverty.

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Why are we working with families?

• Family is an strategic actor for social policies
• It allows better targeting for public services
  and benefits.
• Opportunity for better coordination and
  complementation among public policies.
• It improves sustainability and impact of the
  achievements.
• It allows to develpo symergic process within the
  families.

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Chile in Solidarity is a social protection system
for the 225,000 poorest families in the country
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Bridging the gap Programa Puente

• Puente is a governmental initiative to built up
  a link between extreme poor families and their
  social, economical and cultural rights.
• Social professionals work with each family for
  24 months, bringing them psychosocial support to
  improve their living conditions, measured by 53
  life quality standards.
• Promotional initiatives are developed to
  strength their capabilities and to achieve these
  53 standards.
• A temporary financial voucher is avalaible for
  the families to increase their budget and make
  them possible to participate in solving their
  needs.
• The instrument designed to select Puentes
  beneficiary combines the information produced by
  CASEN (permits to establish the Program coverage
  in each territory) and CAS records (permits to
  select specific families beginning with those
  that have the lowest score).

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How do we work with families?

• Establishing a personal relationship between a
  professional and each family during 24 months, in
  their homes.
• Using a methodology designed for allow the
  family to improve their information,
  capabilities, motivation ans resources to improve
  their quality of life.
• Families plan how they will achieve the 53
  Puentes standards and establish compromises
  wuith the professional identify the familys
  efforts needed.
• Local institutional network reorganized and
  redirect its services and benefits to reach
  Puentes families.

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The Pamphlet a tool for facilitate the
communication process
Family Tree presenting family members
Family Bridge recording family achievements
Hop-scotch board deciding family priorities
within defined dimensions
networks
Storage Shed recognizing family capital
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Personal identification
Education
Identification
Education
Thematic Game Board
Health
Housing conditions
Employment
Health
Housing conditions
Employment
Start
Family dynamics
Income
Income
Family dynamincs
Income
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Multidimensional Strategy
The Programa Puentes outcome is at least 70 of
the participating families has reached the 53
minimun quality of life conditions, defined by
the Program. These conditions are organized into
7 categories or dimensions

• Personal identification
• Health
• Education
• Family Dynamics
• Housing Conditions
• Employment
• Income

A family has moved out its condition of extreme
poverty when it has reached all of the 53 minimum
quality of life conditions, where income is only
one of them.
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• Family registered in primary health system.
• Medical control of
• Children under 6 years old (including
  vaccination).
• Pregnant women.
• Women using contraceptives.
• Elderly people.
• People with chronic illnesses.
• Women over 35 years old periodically doing
  Papanicolau test.
• People with any kind of disability participating
  in a rehabilitation program.
• Family wuith basic knowlegde in health and self
  care.

HEALTH STANDARDS
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Relationships within the 53 quality of life
standards, related with health dimension
Health other dimensions
Other dimensions - Health
Children health children performance at
school Adult health - employability
Housing conditions family health Educational
level of parents parents knowlegde of health
problems, first aids, etc. Family relationship
family mental health Family legal identification
access to health services and benefits.
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An effective health policy for poor families
requires to also deal with the other dimensions
of their quality of life. Indeed, an effective
poverty reduction strategy necessarily needs to
challenge, at the same tiem, these 7 dimensions
of the familys quality of life.
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Puentes outcomes until today

• 19 months of program intervention
• 96.548 families participating in Puente. Target
  225.000 families in 2005.
• In 332 of 341 national districts.
• 2.347 Family Support Counselors are working with
  families (60 supplied by local institutions and
  40 supplied by the Program)
• 31.9 of the families finishing their
  participation in June 2004 have already achieved
  their 53 life standards.

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Some Puentes outcomes in health dimension