Options for Electricity Generation in 2020 Renewable

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Options for Electricity Generation in 2020 -
Renewable

• Transport Fuels
• Biodiesel?
• Bioethanol?
• Compressed gas from
• methane from waste.

But Land Area required is very large - the area
of Norfolk and Suffolk would be needed to
generated just over 5 of UK electricity needs.
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Options for Electricity Generation in 2020 -
Renewable
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Options for Electricity Generation in 2020 -
Renewable
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Options for Electricity Generation in 2020 -
Renewable
Output 78 000 GWh per annum Sufficient for 13500
houses in Orkney Save 40000 tonnes of CO2
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Options for Electricity Generation in 2020 -
Renewable
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Our Choices They are difficult Energy Security
There is a looming capacity shortfall Even with a
full deployment of renewables. A 10 reduction in
demand per house will see a steady level in total
demand - Increased population decreased
household size

• Opted Out Coal Stations can only run for 20 000
  hours more and must close by 2015
• New Nuclear assumes completing 1 new nuclear
  station each year beyond 2018
• New Coal assumes completing 1 new coal station
  each year beyond 2018

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Our Choices They are difficult

• Do we want to exploit available renewables i.e
  onshore/offshore wind and biomass.
  Photovoltaics, tidal, wave are not options for
  next 20 years.
• If our answer is NO
• Do we want to see a renewal of nuclear power
• Are we happy with this and the
  other attendant risks?

• If our answer is NO
• Do we want to return to using coal?
• then carbon dioxide emissions will rise
  significantly
• unless we can develop carbon sequestration and
  apply it to ALL
• our power stations NOW -
• Apart from small schemes it is not
  available at present.

If our answer to coal is NO Do we want to leave
things are they are and see continued
exploitation of gas for both heating and
electricity generation? gtgtgtgtgtgt
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Our Choices They are difficult

• If our answer is YES
• By 2020
• we will be dependent on around 70 of our
  heating and electricity from GAS
• imported from countries like Russia, Iran,
  Iraq, Libya, Algeria
• Are we happy with this prospect? gtgtgtgtgtgt

• If not
• We need even more substantial cuts in energy use.
• Or are we prepared to sacrifice our future to
  effects of Global Warming by using coal?
• the North Norfolk Coal Field?
• Aylsham Colliery, North Walsham Pit?

Do we wish to reconsider our stance on
renewables? Inaction or delays in decision making
will lead us down the GAS option route and all
the attendant Security issues that raises.
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How carbon friendly is the Energy we use?
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On average each person in UK causes the emission
of 9 tonnes of CO2 each year.
How many people know what 9 tonnes of CO2 looks
like?
5 hot air balloons per person per year. Around 4
million over Norfolk. In the developing world,
the average is under 1 balloon per person Is this
Fair?
"Nobody made a greater mistake than he who did
nothing because he thought he could do only a
little." Edmund Burke (1727 1797)
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Raising Awareness

• A tumble dryer uses 4 times as much energy as a
  washing machine. Using it 5 times a week will
  cost over 100 a year just for this appliance
  alone and emit over half a tonne of CO2.

• 10 gms of carbon dioxide has an equivalent volume
  of 1 party balloon.

• Standby on electrical appliances
• 60 kWh a year - 3000 balloons
• at a cost of over 6 per year

• Filling up with petrol (41 for a full tank
  40 litres)
• --------- 90 kg of CO2 (5 of one hot
  air balloon)

How far does one have to drive in a small family
car (e.g. 1400 cc Toyota Corolla) to emit as much
carbon dioxide as heating an old persons room for
1 hour?
1.6 miles
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The Behavioural Dimension

• Household size has little impact on electricity
  consumption.
• Consumption varies by up to a factor of 9 for any
  given household size.
• Allowing for Income still shows a range of 6 or
  more.
• Education/Awareness is important

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Responding to the Challenge Technical
Solutions Solar Thermal Energy
Solar Collectors installed 27th January 2004
Annual Solar Gain 910 kWh