E kJM

1
MULTISCALE Math Model Fully Predictive (2003-)
E (kJ/M)
d (Å)
2
A definition of nanotech

• nan otechnol ogy, Nature Nanotechnology
  (2006) 18-10.

3
Plenty of SPACE to fit Nano

• CHALLENGES
• Minimum 21-28 Month Round Trip to Mars
• NO Hospitals
• Minimal cargo capacity for meds.
• FAILURE NOT AN OPTION!

4
Smart Implants

• nDS1 Passive Release
• nDS2 Active Release Preprogrammed
• nDS3 Active Release Remotely Activated
• nDS4 Active Release Self-regulated

Image Credit NASA/JPL/Cornell/Texas AM
5
Nanoscale Imaging and Therapy using Gadolinium
Carbon Nanotube
MR Phantom Characterization of Gadonanotubes at
0.2T (Low field, Low Cost MRI)
Kelvin Wong and Stephen Wong, Department of
Radiology, The Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell
Medical College To be presented in ISMRM 2008
Meeting, Toronto
6
Systems Approach of Image-guided Theranostic for
Peripheral Lung Cancer

• Minimum invasive and molecular targeting
• See-and-treat at the same time
• Plug and play - multimodality device
  integration and modular design
• Cost effective standard and low cost
  platforms
• Global Health provide an affordable
  solution for solving a major disease problem at
  developing countries

Stephen Wong and King Li, Radiology, The
Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
In collaboration with Bioengineering, Rice
University and Philips Medical Systems
7
Rationally Designed MultiStage Nanovectors for
Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging

• Funding NCI, DARPA, DoD CDBCRP, NASA, State Of
  Texas Emerging Technology Fund
• Spin-off Company Leonardo Biosystems

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Directing Imaging Contrast / Therapy
Preferentially Where Needed
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Central Issue 1 BioBarriers
Reference M. Ferrari, Cancer Nanotechnologies,
Nature Reviews Cancer, March 2005
Nat Rev Cancer (2005) 5(3)161-171.

• Endothelial and Epithelial Barriers
• Reticulo-Endothelial System (RES)
• Enzymatic Degradation
• Hemo-Rheology
• Tumor-Associated Osmotic Interstitial Fluid
  Pressures
• Cell Membrane
• Nuclear Membrane
• Ionic Molecular Pumps

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Three Generations of Nanotech
Liposomes Abraxane Colloids Iron Oxide
Dendrimers Nanoshells

• First Generation Passive targeting, in
  clinic
• Second Generation Biomolecular Targeting, in
  pipeline
• Third Generation higher functions, combinatorial
  nanotechs, sequential actions, biobarrier
  focus

Nanocells, Nanoshuttles MultiStage Systems