Lesson Objectives:

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Lesson Objectives

• Know
• About different types of software
• systems and applications
• Understand
• Why we need different types
• Be able to
• Identify when it appropriate to use each type
  of software

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Software

• Software refers to the programs that we run on
  computer systems
• There are two main types of computer software
• system software and
• application software
• System software includes the operating system and
  utility programs that control how the hardware of
  a computer works
• Application software includes the everyday
  programmes that you use such as Word Processors,
  Spreadsheets and Databases. It also includes
  e-mail packages, web browsers and anti-virus
  software

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Task 1

• Complete Task 1 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES

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Task 1 answers

• HARDWARE is any physical device that makes up
  part of or plugs into your computer, you can see
  it, touch it and pick it up.
• SOFTWARE is everything else, the PROGRAMMES or
  applications that allow you to perform your
  various tasks.
• There are two main types of computer software
  SYSTEM software and application software.
• System software includes the OPERATING System,
  and UTILITY programs that control how the
  hardware of a computer works.
• Application software includes common programs
  that you use daily, for example WORD processors,
  SPREADSHEETS, and DATABASES. It also includes
  e-mail programmes, WEB browsers and anti-VIRUS
  software.

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Operating Systems

• All computers have an operating system. It
  controls the hardware and is the link between you
  and the computer
• Examples of operating systems are
• Windows XP, Windows NT, UNIX

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What is an Operating System (OS)?

• An OS is a program that allows applications
  software to communicate with the hardware
• A computer is useless without an OS

Hardware
Operating System
Software
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Task 2

• Complete Task 2 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 3 MINUTES

It controls the hardware and is the link between
you and the computer. Examples of operating
systems are Windows XP, Windows NT, UNIX
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Operating Systems

• There are different types of operating system -
  - single-user,
• - multi-user or network operating systems.
• Network systems are more complicated as they have
  to deal with more than one user at a time. Need
  to consider
• Security
• Access to a central pool of data
• Restricted access to certain files

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Task 3

• Complete Task 3 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 1 MINUTES

1. single-user, 2. multi-user or network
operating systems
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What an OS might do

• Sorts out where to store data on disk drives
• Deals with security user names and passwords
• Allows you to organise files using folders, and
  to copy and delete files
• It manages the data travelling between the
  peripherals i.e. printer/monitor
• It allows the application you are using to print,
  save and open files

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Task 4

• Complete Task 4 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 3 MINUTES!

Sorts out where to store data on disk
drives Deals with security user names and
passwords Allows you to organise files using
folders, and to copy and delete files It manages
the data travelling between the peripherals i.e.
printer/monitor It allows the application you are
using to print, save and open files
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Applications Software

• Applications software works through the operating
  system to gain access to the hardware
• Application software caries out user-related
  tasks and can be classified as
• general-purpose
• specialist or
• tailor-made

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Task 5

• Complete Task 5 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 1 MINUTES!

• general-purpose
• specialist or
• tailor-made

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General Purpose Applications

• A general-purpose application package is a type
  of software that can perform many different
  related tasks
• Word processors, spreadsheets, databases,
  graphics and presentation software are all
  examples of application packages
• This type of software is sometimes called generic
  software. This means, for example, that any one
  of the many different word processing packages
  that you could buy will all do the same general
  sorts of tasks as each other

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Task 6

• Explain the term General Purpose Application
  software on your task sheet.
• Using the Internet
• www.teach-ict.com
• www.bbc.co.uk/gcsebitesize/ict
• Complete the worksheet general purpose
  worksheet in the project folders
• Describe what each type of general purpose
  software is used for
• Give an example of each

AT END OF LESSON OR HWK

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Reasons for using ready-made software

• Most computer users buy application packages
  off-the-shelf. There are several good reasons
  for using this type of ready-made software
• it is relatively cheap
• it is readily available and can be installed
  quickly and easily
• it will have been thoroughly tested so there will
  be very little chance of it having any serious
  faults or bugs
• it will be well supported with a lot of books
  about how to use it available as well as on-line
  help and discussions on the Internet.

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Task 7

• Complete Task 7 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 1 MINUTE!

• it is relatively cheap
• it is readily available and can be installed
  quickly and easily
• it will have been thoroughly tested so there will
  be very little chance of it having any serious
  faults or bugs
• it will be well supported with a lot of books
  about how to use it available as well as on-line
  help and discussions on the Internet.

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Integrated Packages

• An integrated package combines many
  different types of application
  together in one single package
• Integrated packages normally include facilities
  for word processing, spreadsheets, databases,
  graphics, presentation and communications

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Integrated Packages

• The advantages of using integrated packages are
• it is much cheaper to buy one integrated package
  rather than several separate application
  packages
• different applications have the same user
  interface
• data can be transferred quickly and easily
  between applications
• they are much quicker to install than several
  separate application packages

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Integrated Packages Contd

• A problem with integrated packages is that the
  individual applications do not have as many
  features compared to the single application
  package
• Microsoft WORKS is an example of an integrated
  package
• Integrated packages have gradually been replaced
  by applications bundled together by software
  manufacturers and sold as suites of programs
• Bundled suites offer the advantages of
  applications with a complete set of features, a
  common user interface and easy facilities for
  sharing and exchanging data
• Microsoft Office XP is an example of a bundled
  suite of application programs database,
  spreadsheet, word processing and desktop
  publishing software are all included

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Task 8

• Complete Task 8 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES!

An integrated package combines many different
types of application together in one single
package it is much cheaper to buy one integrated
package rather than several separate application
packages different applications have the same
user interface data can be transferred quickly
and easily between applications they are much
quicker to install than several separate
application packages
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Specialist Application Software

• Specialist application software performs a single
  very specific type of task
• Programs to work out payroll, calculate accounts,
  plan driving routes, work out income tax returns,
  deal with stock control and handle appointments
  are all examples of specialist application
  software

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Tailor-made Software
An example is MY ASHCOMBE which sets detentions
letters for lunch after school. Sends on
messages for SMT Saturday detentions. Also
allows bookings of ICT rooms credit sticky
labels.

• Sometimes an organisation finds that
  off-the-shelf software will not do exactly what
  they want
• In this case they might decide to have special
  software specially developed for the purpose,
  called
• Tailor-made, or
• Bespoke
• The main drawbacks of this approach are the high
  cost and long time that some programs take to
  develop

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Task 9

• Complete Task 9 on your worksheet
• YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES!

People decide to have special software specially
developed for the purpose to fit specific purpose
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Questions to ask when buying new software

• What sort of tasks will the software be used for?
  
• How much does the software cost and how much
  money is available to buy it?
• What operating system does the software need?
  Software will only work with the operating system
  that it was designed for?
• What are the minimum system requirements for the
  software? Every application package has a minimum
  set of hardware requirements such as how much
  hard disk space and memory are needed.

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Questions to ask when buying new software

• Will the software be used on a single computer or
  on a network? If the software is going to be used
  on a network a special version of it may be
  needed
• How much support is available for users? This
  could be in the form of on-line help, telephone
  support lines, internet sites and printed
  manuals. More popular software will have more of
  these resources
• How easy is the software to install can an
  ordinary user carry out the installation or will
  an ICT expert be needed to do it?

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Now complete the A4 colour sheet
www.teach-ict.com www.bbc.co.uk/gcsebitesize/ict O
r textbook