Pool Spreading and Vaporization of Liquid Hydrogen

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Pool Spreading and Vaporizationof Liquid Hydrogen
by  Karl VERFONDERN 1) and Bernd DIENHART
2) 1) Research Center Juelich, Germany 2)
Cologne, Germany
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Cryogenic Pool Phenomena
150 l of LN2 spilled on water
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Computer Model LAUV

• Simulation of radial spreading of a cryogenic
  liquid on the basis of the shallow-layer
  differential equations
• Instantaneous and continuous release on solid,
  humid, or liquid ground
• Heat conduction equation applied, if ground is
  solid
• Ice formation, if ground is water
• Atmospheric convection and insolation neglected
• Validation against LN2 and LH2 spill tests and
  LNG spill test data from literature

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Cryogenic Pool Behavior (1)
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Cryogenic Pool Behavior (2)
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Cryogenic Pool Behavior (3)
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Cryogenic Pool Behavior (4)
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LN2 Spill Tests on Water (KIWI) at FZJ
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NASA LH2 Spill Tests (1980)
4.6 m radius spill pond
Courtesy Jose Chirivella, Ergo-Tech Systems Inc.
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LAUV Postcalculation of NASA Test 6
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WE-NET LH2 Spill Tests (1993 2000)
Courtesy Keiko Chitose, Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries
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BAM LH2 Spill Tests in Cottbus (1994)
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LAUV Postcalculation LH2 Spill on Water
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LAUV Postcalculation LH2 Spill on Al Plate
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Conclusions

• Phenomena of cryogen pool spreading and
  vaporization are principally understood.
• Modeling efforts have led to simplified, but
  appropriate simulation of phenomena.
• Experimental data basis for LH2 is still very
  poor and needs further extension.

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Thank Youfor Your Attention

• Email k.verfondern_at_fz-juelich.de
• Phone [phone]

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Backup Slides
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Experiments on Pool Spreading
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Model Developments on Pool Spreading
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Nukiyama Curve for LH2
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LH2 Regression Rate
Zabetakis (1960)