The Life and Times of Samuel, Saul, and David

1
The Life and Times of Samuel, Saul, and David

• Lesson 9 Jonathan and David's Loyalty
• I Sm. 20 - 2115
• For whatever things were written before were
  written for our learning, that we through the
  patience and comfort of the Scriptures might have
  hope. (Romans 154)
• Now all these things happened to them as
  examples, and they were written for our
  admonition, upon whom the ends of the ages have
  come. (I Corinthians 1011)

2
Introduction

• Jonathan was a proven faithful servant of God.
• He was raised in a dysfunctional family.
• He was a valiant warrior and sought God
  (141-23).
• He demonstrated his love for David in his respect
  and recognition of David and his gifts.
• David and Jonathan were knit together by love
  (181-4).
• Jonathan and David establish a covenant to prove
  Sauls intent.
• Jonathans deception by his father was confirmed.
• Saul became furious and tried to kill Jonathan.
• Saul determined to pursue and kill David.
• Ahimelech, the priest, helped David and gave him
  holy bread and Goliaths sword.
• David fled to Gath, the land of the Philistines
  (enemies).
• David resorted to insane behavior to stay alive.
• David was one step away from death, but God was
  with him.

3
Discussion Questions

• What was David seeking (I Sm. 201)?
• Answers to questions like, What wrong he had
  done? Why do I deserve death? Why am I
  facing unjustified persecution?
• Samuel had questions like, Who have I
  defrauded? Who have I oppressed? When did I
  take a bribe from? (123)
• Why am I being persecuted, Lord? Light exposes
  darkness (Jh. 319-21).
• If I am in sin, then kill me (208).
• Lord is it I? (Mt. 2622) We must examine
  ourselves (II Co. 135).

4
Discussion Questions

• What was Jonathan's reaction to his father's
  determination to kill David (I Sm. 202, 13)?
• Jonathan assumes God was with his father (2013).
• It cant be true because my father would tell me
  (194-6).
• Jonathan would report the danger if he knew, but
  he seemed to be deceived and or naïve.
• He was committed to protect and defend David. He
  tried to assure David.
• Punishment of Saul would be upon Jonathan, if he
  failed to meet his commitment to David.

5
Discussion Questions

• What covenant was made between David and Jonathan
  (I Sm. 203-16)?
• David knows Saul deceived Jonathan (203-4).
• Monthly festive/sacrifice times occurred for
  families (Nu. 2811) and David was a part (206).
• Davids plan was for Jonathan to discover the
  truth and report it to him (2012-13).
• The covenant is made (2016).
• Kindness continues, and enemies would punish
  David if he fails to keep the covenant
  (2014-16).

6
Discussion Questions

• Lesson to Learn A covenant governs our
  relationship with God and man. (Mal. 210-16
  Ge. 121-3 Dt. 528-29 Joah. 2419-25 Jer.
  3131-34 Lk. 2219-20 II Co. 34-11 Hb.
  911-15 Jh. 1514 Pr. 61-3 1717 276-10
  1824 2224-26 Ps. 419)
• Proverbs provides governing qualities of
  friendships such as humility, watching words,
  being friendly, love always even during
  adversity, trust, respect, etc.
• Make no friends with an angry person. Why? (I
  Co. 1433).
• Gods covenant with mankind is to save us, if we
  trust, love, and obey. Covenants include
  Abraham, Joshua, etc.
• The new covenant is established upon better
  promises through the shedding of Jesus own
  blood.
• Observing the Lords Supper reminds us of our
  eternal inheritance and the new covenant.

7
Discussion Questions

• Describe the love between David and Jonathan (I
  Sm. 181-4 203, 17-18, 34, 41)?
• Love is endures. The time came to show kindness
  to Jonathans son, Mephibosheth (II Sm. 93, 7).
• They were knit together by love (181-4, 17).
• They loved each other as their own soul.
• Qualities demonstrated in the friendship include
  humility, respect, trust, honesty, gentle,
  commitment, rejoicing, weeping, tough/true love,
  serve each other, secrets, etc.
• They missed being with each other and thought
  about each other often you will be missed,
  because your seat will be empty (2018).

8
Discussion Questions

• Lesson To Learn We are to love others as our
  own souls. (Ga. 61-5 Ep. 528-33 I Co.
  1212-31 Mt. 2531-46 Lk. 1025-37 Ro. 123,
  9-21 Ep. 415-16)
• We are to bear one anothers burdens. Example
  include a brother in sin, saving others, etc.).
• Husbands are to love their own wives as their
  own bodies.
• Christians have a duty to serve one another by
  visiting the sick, prison, feed hungry, etc.
• Members of the church function like a human body.
• We are to speak the truth in love and show our
  concern by edifying others.
• We are to show the same compassion as Jesus and
  the good Samaritan.

9
Discussion Questions

• Lesson to Learn Loved ones are missed when they
  are not in their appointed place because of love,
  friendship, faith, encouragement, dependability,
  and help in time of need. (I Sm. 2018 Hb.
  1025 Ps. 1221 Pr. 1824 Ga. 62, 10 I Th.
  514-15 Tit. 31 Ro. 129-18)
• We look forward to being with each other in
  worship, studying the Bible together, praying
  with each other, etc.
• Show love and joy for spiritual things I was
  glad when they said to me, Lets go into the
  house of the Lord.
• When we do not see people at worship, How do we
  show we care?
• It is encouraging to see others to living right.
• Lets follow Jesus example in serving one another
  (Jh. 13).

10
Discussion Questions

• What was the communication plan regarding the
  oath (I Sm. 2018-23, 35-40)?
• Hide at the stone of Ezel, and a lad goes to find
  them (2019).
• Arrows (3) were the code of the field (2020-23).
  3 arrows shot at a side (safe) or beyond (harm).

11
Discussion Questions

• Why was Saul furious at Jonathan (I Sm.
  2024-34)?
• 1st day Saul thought David did something that
  made him unclean (Lev. 1124, 25, 27, 31-32).
• 2nd day Saul inquired of Jonathan and he said
  David went to sacrifice and feast with his
  family.
• Saul was furious (2030), not because of
  Jonathans message, but because he was aware of
  the friendship between Jonathan and David.
• Out of anger, Saul falsely accused Jonathan of
  perversion and rebellion. He threw his spear at
  Jonathan (2030-33).
• Jonathans response/questions caused Saul to
  attempt murdering his son. Saul tied to kill
  before (1444-45).
• No one is blest by lies and deception (i.e.
  Abraham, David, Issac, etc.). Who is injured?

12
Discussion Questions

• What caused David and Jonathan to weep (I Sm.
  2041-42)?
• Confirmation of Sauls evil intent.
• Jonathan had feelings of hurt and anger over the
  discovery, attempted murder and deception
  (2034).
• David felt Jonathans pain. (2041-42)
• If we expect to weep with those who weep and
  rejoice with those who rejoice then we must be
  able to know how others really feel.
• I understand and feel your pain. Walk a mile
  in another persons shoes.

13
Discussion Questions

• What all did David get from Ahimelech the priest
  (I Sm. 211-9 Mt. 121-8)?
• Nob was a city of many priests and sacrifices
  (2219).
• The priest gave David holy bread, and Goliaths
  sword (216, 9).
• David makes a false statement (212).
• It was not lawful for David to eat the holy
  bread, but under emergency conditions (Lev.
  245-9 Mt. 123-4).
• Holy bread can only be eaten by clean people.
• Why did David flee to Gath (I Sm. 2110)?
• His fear of Saul was more than fear of the
  Philistine king.
• Gath was the same city of Goliath.

14
Discussion Questions

• Lesson To Learn We are to suffer as a
  Christian, not an evildoer. ( I Pt. 412-16 II
  Tm. 310-12 II Co. 1122-28 18-11 Jh.
  319-21)
• Convicted criminals suffer punishment (i.e jail,
  prison, community service, execution, etc.)
  because of their own evil.
• Godly living is determined by how we endure
  suffering.
• FACT The godly will suffer persecution. Why?
  (Jh. 319-21).

15
Discussion Questions

• Why did David display insane behavior (I Sm.
  2111-15)?
• To divert attention away from his military
  abilities.
• Davids tactic (2013) He pretended to be
  insane (deception), like a mad dog (i.e. frothed
  at the mouth, naked/scrabbled door posts). It
  worked!
• David deceived Saul, Achish and Ahimelech.
• David did not inquire of God, nor is deception
  and lying approved by God.
• The testing and failures of David would make him
  a better king (Jm. 12-4).

16
Discussion Questions Final Thoughts

• Lesson To Learn We are all one-step away from
  death and judgment. Let us not deceive
  ourselves. (Hb. 927 Ga. 67-10 II Th. 13-12
  Jh. 528-29 Lk. 1619-31 Ac. 1730-31 Re.
  210 Ro. 412)
• Dont be naïve and deceive yourself. Seek/Know
  the truth!
• Jesus will come again and execute justice on
  those who do not obey God.
• We will all face the resurrection of the just
  and the unjust.
• Death (Hades) awaits all of us (Hb. 927). After
  death we will await final judgment in torment
  or paradise.
• We must be faithful unto death (Walk in
  faith!).
• Death and judgment are coming!!! Are you ready?