Socialization

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Chapter 3

• Socialization

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Socialization

• The lifelong process of social interaction
  through which individuals acquire a self identity
  and the physical, mental, and social skills
  needed for survival in society.
• Socialization is the essential link between the
  individual and society.

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Why Socialization Is Important

• Teaches us ways to think, talk and act that are
  necessary for social living.
• Ensures that members of society are socialized to
  support the existing social structure.
• Allows society to pass culture on to the next
  generation.

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The necessity of socialization for social behavior

• Harry Harlows experiments with monkeys
• The case of Genie

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How Much Do You Know About Early Socialization
and Child Care?

• True or False ?
• The average annual salary of a child-care worker
  is less than the average yearly salaries for
  funeral attendants or garbage collectors.

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How Much Do You Know About Early Socialization
and Child Care?

• True.
• The average salary for a child-care worker is
  only 15,430 per year, which is less than the
  yearly salaries for people in many other
  employment categories.

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Human Development

• Each of us is a product of two forces
• Heredity- nature
• Determines our physical makeup.
• Social environment -nurture.
• Determines how we develop and behave.

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Freuds Theory of Personality

• Human development occurs in three states that
  reflect different levels of personality
• Id
• Ego
• Superego

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Freuds Theory of Personality
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The Looking-Glass Self

• We imagine how we look to others.
• We imagine how other people judge the appearance
  that we think we present.
• If we think the evaluation is favorable our
  self-concept is enhanced.
• If we think the evaluation is unfavorable, our
  self-concept is diminished.

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Case Study Social definitions of beauty and
self-esteem

• Black Doll
• Versus
• White Doll

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Agents of Socialization

• Family
• Peer Group
• School
• Mass Media

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Functionalist Perspective Functions of Schools

• Teach students to be productive members of
  society.
• Transmit culture.
• Social control and personal development.
• Select, train, and place individuals on different
  rungs in society.

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Conflict Perspective Schools

• Experiences depend on social class, racialethnic
  background, gender, and other factors.
• Children learn to be neat, punctual, quiet, wait
  their turn, and remain attentive to their work.
• Schools socialize children for later roles in the
  work force.

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Youth Subculture

• Compulsory education
• Long transitional period between adolescence and
  adult roles has led to the development of a new
  life stage the single, sexually active adult
  without family responsibilities.
• Rapid technological change leads to a generation
  gap in tastes and lifestyles

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Media As Socializing Agents

• Inform us about events.
• Introduce us to a variety of people.
• Provide an array of viewpoints on current issues.
• Make us aware of products that will supposedly
  help us.
• Entertain us.

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Resocialization

• Often takes place in a total institution
• All aspects of life strictly controlled
• Stripping of previous social roles
• Previous self concept eliminated