Internal Environmental Issues

1
Internal Environmental Issues

• FdA in Airport and Air Transport Management

2
Objectives

• To investigate the internal environmental issues.
• To discuss the issues and possible solutions
• How these issues are going to affect the
  environment in the future.

3
Environmental effects of airports

• Airports are perceived to have negative
  environmental effects in terms of air pollution,
  noise pollution, waste production and
  hydrological damage. Pitt and Brown (2001) cited
  on http//0-www.emeraldinsight.com.brum.beds.ac.uk
  /Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filen... (Accessed
  19/08/08)

4
Waste

• Increases 3 per annum
• Three lanes in Europe- UK being in the slow lane.
• The Netherlands, Austria, Sweden and Germany are
  in the fast lane.
• Government strategy is now aimed at moving
  environmental management statements and recovery
  initiatives up the hierarchy.

5
Airports

• An airport is essentially small city and
  therefore has a significant impact on the volume
  of waste produced for the region in which it is
  situated http//0-www.emeraldinsight.com.brum.bed
  s.ac.uk/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filen...
  (Accessed 19/08/08)

6
Airports

• The solid waste generated in an airport comes
  from three main sources
• Office waste
• Tenant concessionaires
• Aircraft waste McGuiness (2001) cited in
  http//0-www.emeraldinsight.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/In
  sight/ViewContentServlet?Filen... (Accessed
  19/08/08)

7
Waste Water

• Airports produce a large volume of water waste.
• Waste water in airport areas comes from a variety
  of sources
• Domestic sewage
• Industrial sewage
• Combines water containing a mix of waste water
  and precipitation.
• Rainwater from roads and parking areas.
• Unpolluted water from runways, taxiways and
  aprons.
• Rainwater containing light liquids that runs off
  aprons
• Water containing de-icing fluid from the de-icing
  of paved areas and aircraft. Hofstetter (1996)
  cited in http//0-www.emeraldinsight.com.brum.beds
  .ac.uk/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filen...
  (Accessed 19/08/08)

8
Groundwater

• Groundwater may become contaminated by airport
  operations.
• Petroleum
• Jet fuels
• Diesel fuel
• Chlorinated solvents
• De-icing/anti-icing compounds http//0-www.emerald
  insight.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/Insight/ViewContentSer
  vlet?Filen... (Accessed 19/08/08)

9
Reducing water usage

• LHR- Use a rainwater harvesting system which
  reuses 85 of all the rainwater that falls on the
  Terminal 5 site. http//www.heathrowairport.com/po
  rtal/page/Heathrow5EGeneral5EOurbusinessandco
  mmunity5EHeathrowandclimatechange5ECuttingem
  issionsfromairportbuildings/9e81875427b54110Vgn
  VCM20000039821c0a____/448c6a4c7f1b0010VgnVCM200000
  357e120a____/ (Accessed 23/10/08).

10
Using on-site combined, cooling heat and power
(CCHP)

• Conventional power plants only convert about 35
  of the energy in the fuel that they burn into
  electricity. 
• CCHP plants typically convert over 80 of the
  energy in the fuel that they burn into
  electricity, heat or cooling. http//www.heathrowa
  irport.com/portal/page/Heathrow5EGeneral5EOurbu
  sinessandcommunity5EHeathrowandclimatechange
  5ECuttingemissionsfromairportbuildings/9e8187
  5427b54110VgnVCM20000039821c0a____/448c6a4c7f1b001
  0VgnVCM200000357e120a____/ (Accessed 23/10/08).

11
Optimising the performance buildings and
processes

• Optimising the performance of existing buildings
  and processes

12
Intelligent building management systems

• Intelligent building management systems.
• Do you know what these systems do?

13
Investing in renewables

• Heathrow East-
• will be one of the first major developments to
  use renewable biomass gasification. 

14
Recycling waste and turning waste into energy

• BAA has a target of recycling or composting 40
  of its waste by 2010 and 70 of its waste by
  2020. We are also investigating the possibility
  of turning our non-recyclable waste into energy.
  http//www.heathrowairport.com/portal/page/Heathro
  w5EGeneral5EOurbusinessandcommunity5EHeathro
  wandclimatechange5ECuttingemissionsfromairp
  ortbuildings/9e81875427b54110VgnVCM20000039821c0a
  ____/448c6a4c7f1b0010VgnVCM200000357e120a____/
  (Accessed 23/10/08).

15
Trialling innovative zero-carbon electricity

• Heathrow will be one of the first sites in
  Britain to trial generating zero-carbon energy
  from waste heat. http//www.heathrowairport.com/po
  rtal/page/Heathrow5EGeneral5EOurbusinessandco
  mmunity5EHeathrowandclimatechange5ECuttingem
  issionsfromairportbuildings/9e81875427b54110Vgn
  VCM20000039821c0a____/448c6a4c7f1b0010VgnVCM200000
  357e120a____/ (Accessed 23/10/08).

16
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17
LHR

• Energy
• Noise
• Air quality
• Waste
• Water
• http//www.heathrowairport.com/portal/page/CRMicro
  siteLHR08/Heathrow5ECRMicrositeLHR085EOurperfor
  mance5ELocalenvironment/e15b859169318110VgnVCM10
  000036821c0a____/448c6a4c7f1b0010VgnVCM200000357e1
  20a____/ (Accessed on 24/10/08)

18
Reference and Suggested Reading

• Anon. (2008) Cutting emissions from airport
  buildings, (On-line), UK. Available from
  http//www.heathrowairport.com/portal/page/Heathro
  w5EGeneral5EOurbusinessandcommunity5EHeathro
  wandclimatechange5ECuttingemissionsfromairp
  ortbuildings/9e81875427b54110VgnVCM20000039821c0a
  ____/448c6a4c7f1b0010VgnVCM200000357e120a____/
  (Accessed 23/10/08).
• Anon. (2008) Local environment, (On-line), UK.
  Available from http//www.heathrowairport.com/por
  tal/page/CRMicrositeLHR08/Heathrow5ECRMicrositeLH
  R085EOurperformance5ELocalenvironment/e15b8591
  69318110VgnVCM10000036821c0a____/448c6a4c7f1b0010V
  gnVCM200000357e120a____/ (Accessed on 24/10/08)
• Pitt.M, Brown. A and Smith. A (2002) Waste
  management at airports (On-line), UK. Avaiable
  from http//0-www.emeraldinsight.com.brum.beds.ac
  .uk/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filen... (Accessed
  on 19/08/08)