The Virtual Collaborative Clinic

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The Virtual Collaborative Clinic
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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• Held on May 4th, 1999
• Server--SGI Onyx2 at NASA Ames
• Clients--Cleveland Foundation Clinic, Stanford
  University, Salinas Valley Memorial Hospital, the
  Northern Navajo Medical Center at Shiprock, NM

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• Goals
• Bring the clinic to the patient rather than the
  patient to the clinic

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• Goals
• Bring the clinic to the patient rather than the
  patient to the clinic
• Equalize health care around the nation and globe

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• Used broad bandwidth
• ground links
• satellite

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• Used broad bandwidth
• ground links
• satellite
• Platform independent

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• Used broad bandwidth
• ground links
• satellite
• Platform independent
• Multicast

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• Used broad bandwidth
• ground links
• satellite
• Platform independent
• Multicast
• Interactive virtual environment

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• NASA Applications
• Attend to the health of astronauts on space
  station and on extended space travel

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Virtual Collaborative Clinic

• NASA Applications
• Attend to the health of astronauts on space
  station and on extended space travel
• Push technology development while reducing
  computational and energy requirements

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• Two technical issues will influence the growth of
  medical use of the internet

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• Two technical issues will influence the growth of
  medical use of the internet
• 1. Bandwidth
• measures the rate at which information is
  transmitted

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• Two technical issues will influence the growth of
  medical use of the internet
• 1. Bandwidth
• measures the rate at which information is
  transmitted
• 2. Quality of service
• resource availability transmission error
  network reliability and interoperability

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• Some examples of data transmission
• Mammogram
• Digital X-rays are on the order of 128 MB in
  size
• An MRI can generate 1GB of data

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• Some examples of data transmission
• Mammogram
• Digital X-rays are on the order of 128 MB in
  size
• An MRI can generate 1GB of data
• Using a T1 line (uninterrupted service)
• X-ray data take 11 minutes to transmit
• And the MRI, 1.5 hours!
• (Furthermore, these rates are rarely achieved)

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• In contrast
• Transmission across an OC3 line would take
• 6.4 seconds and 52 seconds

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• In contrast
• Transmission across an OC3 line would take
• 6.4 seconds and 52 seconds
• Transmission across an OC12 line would take
• 1.6 seconds and 13 seconds

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• In contrast
• Transmission across an OC3 line would take
• 6.4 seconds and 52 seconds
• Transmission across an OC12 line would take
• 1.6 seconds and 13 seconds
• Transmission across an OC48 line would take
• 0.4 seconds and 3.3 seconds!

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• In some places, OC192 fiber is in the ground

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• In some places, OC192 fiber is in the ground
• Universities such as Berkeley have wired
  dormitories with Ethernet, and students are used
  to high bandwidth connections

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• In some places, OC192 fiber is in the ground
• Universities such as Berkeley have wired
  dormitories with Ethernet, and students are used
  to high bandwidth connections
• National Labs are being connected by terabyte
  fiber linkages to support interactive
  collaborations

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• But---
• Where does that leave everyone else?

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance
Collaborative Clinic

• NSF is doing a great job in bringing high
  bandwidth capability to universities

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• NSF is doing a great job in bringing high
  bandwidth capability to universities
• Builders are beginning to wire homes for high
  bandwidth

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• NSF is doing a great job in bringing high
  bandwidth capability to universities
• Builders are beginning to wire homes for high
  bandwidth
• But more national effort is required to bring
  high bandwidth to isolated communities

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• Needed Partnerships between
• Federal agencies/laboratories
• Academia
• Industry
• AND

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The Future of Healthcare Over Distance

• Well educated professionals and a skilled
  workforce

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